National Assembly for Wales

Welcome to this Plenary session. Before we begin, I want to set out a few points. This meeting will be held in hybrid format, with some Members in the Senedd Chamber,and others joining by video-conference. All Members participating in proceedings of the Senedd, wherever they are, will be treated equally. A Plenary meeting held using video-conference, in accordance with the Standing Orders of the Welsh Parliament, constitutes Senedd proceedings for the purposes of the Government of Wales Act 2006. Some of the provisions of Standing Order 34 will apply for today's meeting, and these are noted on your agenda. I would remind Members that Standing Orders relating to order in Plenary meetings apply to this meeting, and apply equally to Members in the Chamber as to those joining virtually. 

The first item this afternoon is questions to the First Minister, and the first question is from John Griffiths. 

Llywydd, I thank John Griffiths for that question. The Newport East constituency, as many areas of Wales, has seen a high incidence of coronavirus infection. A national firebreak was introduced to bring rates of incidence down across Wales. Some of the gains achieved are already being reversed in the post-firebreak period. 

First Minister, I think there is concern at the latest statistics, and, obviously, we'll need to have a look at that—Welsh Government will need to have a close look at that. One aspect that's very concerning to my constituents is lost school time. In secondary schools. for example, whole year groups continue to self-isolate when one of the group has COVID-19, and learning at home does not make up for that lost time, and it is the most vulnerable who suffer the most. Practice seems to be different from one school and one local authority to another. So, First Minister, will Welsh Government work with local authorities, schools and unions to seek to reduce that lost school time, for example by looking at safety in schools, limiting contact between pupils so that fewer have to isolate when one has the virus, and enhanced testing at schools, to limit the damage to our children's education and the nation's future?

Well, Llywydd, let me thank John Griffiths for that. And, of course, I agree with him—the fact that we are seeing a reversal of some of the gains that we achieved through the firebreak is concerning, and it is particularly concerning because we know that the higher the incidence of coronavirus in the community, the greater the impact that has on schools, because the more coronavirus there is about, the more likely it is that adults will find themselves infected, and children as well. Now, it is right that local authorities and, indeed, headteachers and governing bodies have some flexibility to be able to respond to local circumstances, but nevertheless it is also a concern that there appears to be a disparity between the way in which some schools organise themselves to prevent the need for whole year groups to be isolated and different levels of risk are acceptable in different schools in Wales. Now, the Welsh Government has done a great deal already to make sure that front-line staff and people who are in charge of schools have access to advice through their local incidence management teams, through Public Health Wales, to try to get a more common understanding of the way in which these risks can be mitigated.

It is possible, Llywydd, that the new lateral flow tests, with their more immediate results, can be deployed in schools in future in another effort to prevent children from having to self-isolate when things could be done to prevent that from happening, for all the reasons that John Griffiths set out, which are the same set of reasons, Llywydd, why the Welsh Government has placed a priority on making sure that our children's education is protected even at this most challenging time. 

First Minister, following on from John Griffiths's question, I'd like to say that I've also been contacted by a number of worried parents in the Newport constituency area, because, currently, as it stands, there are 1,000 pupils isolating from Caerleon Comprehensive School, my old school. Years 7, 8, 9, 12 and 13 are all off at the moment, which is beyond comprehension really. Obviously, year groups have to stay off if there are enough cases and there's a reason to stay off, but there are schools in other counties with just one case, as is the case in these year groups being off, where they just do the track and trace, like in Monmouthshire County Council, and just keep 15 pupils off rather than whole year groups. Parents are obviously very concerned at this, because obviously it affects their jobs, it affects the children's well-being, mental health, and their education, obviously. So, I'd be really appreciative if you could do all you can and maybe firm up the Government guidelines to schools because at the moment, as you said, there is a massive postcode lottery in education right now happening in Wales. And also, whilst you're at it, if you could also—. You've said to schools recently, about wearing masks, 'That you can wear them if you want to.' Maybe Government guidelines should be stronger so that, in everything, there's consistency right across the board in Wales in our schools; it's very confusing for them. Thank you.

Well, Llywydd, I think the guidance on mask wearing in schools has been strengthened just in the last week, and the Minister for Education provided more direction to schools, particularly secondary schools, as to how masks can be worn in corridors and in other crowded settings. But I share a lot of the concerns of the Member's question—that different decisions are being made in different parts of Wales, despite the strengthened assistance that the Welsh Government has mobilised so that headteachers and others can have advice directly from public health expertise in reaching the very difficult and challenging decisions that they make; I don't minimise the challenge that schools face.

There is a correlation between the extent to which coronavirus is in circulation in any community and the impact on schools, and that helps to explain some of the difference, but it doesn't, in my mind, explain it all. I am very keen that schools make every effort both in the way they organise themselves internally and in the decisions that they make to put a priority on keeping as many young people in schools as it is safe to do. Because otherwise, as John Griffiths said in his question, their education suffers, and those who need that assistance the most, miss it the most when it's not available to them.

Llywydd, the Welsh Government has published guidance for a phased return of sporting activities. National governing bodies in Wales, such as the Football Association of Wales and the Welsh Rugby Union, provide specific guidance and action plans for their sports and have oversight of those organised activities.

I'm speaking as someone who spends a lot of his Saturdays, normally, watching football and rugby—mainly local teams. Can I just talk about the two most popular winter team sports—football and rugby? When do the Welsh Government believe they can realistically expect to be able to commence competitive fixtures? And I realise that football will be able to start before rugby, because rugby has much more physical contact.

Llywydd, I know that we all look forward—and I know Mike Hedges does, in all the things that he does locally to support teams in the Swansea area—to the day when those teams will be able to resume. We have established a national sports group, through Sports Wales, bringing the Welsh Government, the governing bodies and others together, to consider requests from the national governing bodies to allow competitive leagues to resume. The group will meet again tomorrow to consider the first batch of applications. The FAW has asked the tier 2 of the Cymru leagues—that's north and south—should return to competition first. So, we do have a mechanism now in Wales to unlock sports, when it is safe to do so. And that final clause is the most important one of all, Llywydd—that it is the state of coronavirus, it is the state of a public health emergency, that has to be the lens through which we view all the applications that there are for the reopening of amateur sport. But we have a mechanism now to make sure that those requests are properly and roundly considered.

First Minister, I was pleased to hear you just say that you're looking at ways to—I think this was the expression you used—'unlock sports' during this time of the pandemic. As we know, during lockdowns and firebreaks, physical activity and sport are all important. So, in response to Mike Hedges's initial question, and if I could follow up in two ways, first of all, what are you doing to make sure that younger people, in particular, are able to engage in sports at this time? They've been particularly hard hit, and we know that younger people are affected by mental health issues in the same way that older people are too. And secondly, I had at a recent meeting at Chepstow racecourse, in my constituency, and they were very concerned about when racecourses are going to be allowed to operate, at least in some limited fashion, in the future. So, I wonder if you could answer those two strands. Thank you. 

Well, thank you, Llywydd, and I thank Nick Ramsay for that. Sport for children under the age of 18 has a more liberal set of rules and it's more possible for that to happen, and we've done our best to try and maximise the opportunity for youth sport to be continued, even in the most difficult periods of coronavirus.

As to racecourse reopening, there were earlier in the year, as I know Nick Ramsay will know, a small number of pilot reopenings of racecourses in England, and we will work with the Department for Digital, Culture, Media and Sport, at the UK Government level, in any programme of pilots that may now resume in England. We looked carefully to see whether there was any virtue in having a Welsh pilot in the horse-racing field, but the conclusion was we probably wouldn't learn anything very different that we could not learn from the pilots that were being conducted elsewhere. So, we will continue to work closely with DCMS. There are some new pilots that are proposed and, if they find a pathway to the safe reopening of more parts of sporting life to crowds turning up who enjoy horse-racing and other sports, then we will want to be part of that, where it is safe for us to do so. 

Questions now from the party leaders. The Plaid Cymru leader, Adam Price. 

Diolch, Llywydd. First Minister, in what has been the toughest year in living memory for so many of us, I'm sure we all look forward to a happier new year and, before then, to spending time with friends and family over Christmas. A compassionate but responsible approach to a limited relaxation of restrictions over the holiday period seems sensible. However, it's also crucial that we don't lose the hard-gotten gains of the last few months for the sake of four or five days, and people must, therefore, know that any relaxation also comes with risks, especially in the context of the reversal, potentially, that you were referring to earlier. Can you say what scientific modelling is being used to inform the discussions on a four-nation approach to the Christmas period, and what's your understanding of the likely impact of any easing of restrictions? Given that individual behaviour will be a crucial factor in determining what follows the Christmas break, will the Welsh Government launch a public information campaign, such as the powerful campaigns we see each year on drink-driving over the festive period, encouraging people to follow the guidelines so that we can all enjoy a better 2021? 

Well, Llywydd, I thank Adam Price for that, and I think he put it very well, that, while, for many people, having an opportunity to meet with family and friends over the festive period is very important, we have to balance so many things in allowing that to happen. Now, there will be a COBRA meeting later this afternoon, which will be the latest coming together of the four nations of the United Kingdom, to fashion a common approach to Christmas, and I'm very hopeful that we will be able to make further progress on that this afternoon. The modelling that we have available to us there comes through SAGE. 

When we met on Saturday, we specifically asked the four chief medical officers to meet between the Saturday meeting and the meeting later today to give us further advice on a number of aspects of potential easing over Christmas that we rehearsed in the Saturday meeting, and that will be available to us this afternoon. But, I agree with the point that Adam Price made that, whatever additional freedom we are able to offer over the Christmas period will have to be used responsibly by people. The fact that a relaxation is possible is not an instruction to go and spend the whole of that period doing risky things, and the leader of Plaid Cymru asked what the impact of any relaxation over Christmas would be, and while I don't have a quantifiable answer to that at the moment, the general answer is very clear: it will lead to more spreading of coronavirus, because coronavirus thrives when people get together, and the more people get together, the more coronavirus there will be. It's why, Llywydd, I have been arguing in the meetings we have had for a focus not just on a small number of days at Christmas itself, but on decisions we need to take in the lead-up to Christmas, and how we will deal with the aftermath, and to try to do that on a broadly common basis as well. 

On the information campaign—the final question—the Welsh Government has an information campaign planned. It will do many of the things that Adam Price mentioned in trying to drive home to people the consequences of people's behaviour, and the ways in which, by doing the right things, we can all make a contribution to having a Christmas that we can enjoy without running those undue risks.

On Saturday, Merthyr Tydfil became the first county in Wales to pilot mass testing, but on the same day, COVID cases per 100,000 of the population in a seven-day period were higher in Blaenau Gwent and Neath Port Talbot. This highlights an inconsistency currently in the way we're dealing with areas of high COVID transmission. When we supported the firebreak, it was on the condition that the test and trace system would be upgraded, accelerated and expanded to include the testing of asymptomatic individuals.

Small independent nations, as we've referred earlier, like Slovakia, have successfully rolled out a nationwide mass testing programme. China has been conducting mass testing of three cities over the weekend. We'd like to see it rolled out in more target areas, supported by an increased £800 isolation payment. When, First Minister, will we be able to turn the Merthyr pilot into a wider programme of mass rapid testing in Wales?

Well, Llywydd, I think it's just important to remind Members that when Merthyr was identified as the first place where we would carry out a mass testing experiment in Wales, it was—as it was for a number of days—by far the largest area of incidence of coronavirus. Others have overtaken it in the meantime but, in the planning, you've got to start with the figures that are in front of you at that time.

I know there will be a question later this afternoon, Llywydd, but just to say that the early days of mass testing in Merthyr have gone very well and are a tribute to the actions of local organisations, but also citizens, in that area. We will learn a lot from doing it; we can be sure of that. We are already learning things from these very early days. There are already proposals for expanding mass testing into other areas. There will be choices to be made, Llywydd, and they won't be easy choices either.

I referred in my answer to the first question to the fact that we might be able to use lateral flow tests to assist in preventing children from being asked to self-isolate in the school setting. We talked, I think, last week on the floor of the Senedd about using lateral flow devices to allow visits to care homes, and we could use lateral flow devices to have a greater scope of mass testing in Wales.

But there is a finite number of them. We expect to have around 90,000 of them a day available to us here in Wales, but they would very soon be used up from a number of the purposes that I have just outlined. So, it will be a balancing act. It'll be trying to prioritise where we use them. There will be some more opportunities for further mass testing, but there will be other important purposes for which that finite supply of such tests can also be deployed in Wales.

Turning to matters vaccine-related, where we've had some further good news recently, just 10 days after we heard the first bit of encouraging news in relation to the Pfizer and BioNTech vaccine proving to be 90 per cent effective in trials, the Scottish Government's health Secretary presented a comprehensive roll-out plan to the Holyrood Parliament. In that statement, they confirmed the first vaccinations would be available to health and social care staff, older care home residents, and those over 80 years old who live in the community. The next phase then would be for those over 65 and those under 65 who are at additional clinical risk, followed by the wider population over the age of 18.

They hope to have 320,000 doses of that vaccine to deploy in the first two weeks of December, subject to regulatory approval, with an ambition to vaccinate 1 million citizens by the end of the January. The health Secretary there said Scotland is ready for December. December is only a week away. Can the First Minister confirm that Wales, too, is ready, and if so, when can we expect to see details of the Welsh Government's vaccination roll-out programme, including a timeline of who will be vaccinated when?

Llywydd, on the who will be vaccinated and when, we have already said that we will follow the Joint Committee on Vaccination and Immunisation advice in relation to prioritisation. That advice is still being refined on the basis of the emerging evidence of which of the vaccines that are being reported are most suitable for different groups within the population. We have a very active planning group that began work back in May of this year and has met regularly throughout the crisis to make sure that we are well equipped for deploying the vaccines as they become available to us in Wales. We have tried, during the whole crisis, Llywydd, to follow this basic premise in Wales, that we plan first and when we have a plan that we think is useable and workable, then we publish it for people to see, rather than a series of ambitions that then turn out not to be deliverable because the ambitions are inevitably founded on information that is not as reliable as you need for a purposeful plan that you can deliver in practice.

When it comes to it, I doubt very much that the JCVI prioritisation list will be very different to the one that Mr Price recounted from the Scottish Government, but we will wait for a short while—it will only be a short while—until we have that further and reliable information about the numbers of vaccines that we will have available to us, the nature of those vaccines, the priority groups to which they will be deployed, and then, of course, we will make sure that that is made public as soon as we're able to so that people in Wales have, as I say, not a series of ambitions but a practical plan that they can rely on.

The leader of the Conservatives, Paul Davies.

Diolch, Llywydd. First Minister, yesterday the health Minister confirmed that the Welsh Government is considering tighter COVID restrictions in the run-up to Christmas. Can you confirm what restrictions you are now considering, given that you have already introduced local authority based restrictions, hyperlocal lockdown restrictions, and now national restrictions?

Well, Llywydd, the basis for what the health Minister said yesterday is to be found in the figures, and I'm sure that the leader of the opposition has been following them, as I do every day. Following two weeks and more of figures falling on a Wales-wide basis, we've now had three days in a row where the Wales-wide figure has risen, and in today's figures, 17 of the 22 local authorities are reporting rises in the under 25-year-old age range. Now, numbers continue to fall in the over 60 age range, and that's good news, because in terms of impact on the health service we know that that is where people are most likely to be most badly affected by the virus. But we also know, from earlier in the autumn, that the rapid rise we saw in the month of September and into October started with a rise in the younger population. So, it's that background that was there when the health Minister said what he said yesterday, and it's part of what I said to Adam Price, that I have been making the case in the meetings we've had with the other nations of the United Kingdom for a broadly aligned approach not just for the narrow period of Christmas but in the run-up to Christmas and in the post-Christmas period.

So, we have followed carefully what the UK Government has said so far this week about a return to a recalibrated tier system in England. We will wait to have further information on that, possibly this afternoon, and again on Thursday, and then, this week, the Cabinet will meet pretty regularly. We met yesterday. We met this morning. We'll meet again before the end of the week to see whether there are further measures that we need to introduce in Wales, to focus on the nature of the rise we are seeing and which would provide us with that broad alignment with the approach being taken by other parts of the United Kingdom as part of creating that headroom we all need to allow a relaxation over the Christmas period.

I take it from that answer, then, First Minister, that you are perhaps looking at the possibility of introducing some sort of tiered system here in Wales. Of course, the tiered approaches in Scotland and England do have a few differences and it's important that the Welsh Government therefore looks at the impact of both sets of tier based restrictions before confirming its approach for Wales. 

Now, this year has been so difficult for so many, as has just been said earlier, and that's why it's important that the Welsh Government makes it clear to the people of Wales exactly what a new approach will look like and how those restrictions will impact people's day-to-day lives. So, perhaps you can give us an indication, First Minister, when you will be bringing forward these new measures. Can you also tell us what additional resources you'll be making available to actually support these new measures and new restrictions? 

Well, Llywydd, I think I've given some indication, as best I can, to the leader of the opposition already of the decision-making path that we see in front of us. There is a COBRA meeting this afternoon. I agree with the point that Paul Davies made about taking account of the different approaches in Scotland as well as in England. I spoke with the First Minister of Scotland again yesterday. After today's meeting, there are further announcements that we will expect in the English context on Thursday of this week, we are told, which will give us a further insight into the operation of their tiered approach. I wouldn't move immediately, as the leader of the opposition did, to a conclusion that, because we are interested in the measures that are being taken elsewhere that that necessarily means that we will be adopting a tiered approach here in Wales. It is the content of the measures, not simply the organisation of them, that we will be interested in.

The Cabinet will meet again before the end of this week to see whether there are lessons for us to draw from what is happening elsewhere and a common approach across the United Kingdom in the lead up to the Christmas period, and importantly as well, in the way in which we will all have to deal with the inevitable consequences of a relaxation, which will drive the rise of coronavirus. That is inevitable, and we need to prepare together to cope with the consequences.  

Of course, it's not just individuals and families who are keen to know whether there will be any changes in restrictions in Wales. Businesses across Wales will also undoubtedly be anxious at the prospect of further restrictions. The run-up to Christmas is a busy time, of course, for businesses in all sectors, and in the wake of a very difficult year, it's understandable that many will be concerned, perhaps, to hear of further restrictions.

It's therefore absolutely critical that resources and support are put in place in advance of any changes so that businesses are able to plan and adjust their operations accordingly. Will you therefore confirm, First Minister, that the Welsh Government will, of course, notify businesses across Wales in advance of any new restrictions in Wales so that they have time to plan for any changes? And, can you also update us on the discussions that you've had with local authorities in Wales about introducing new restrictions and what feedback you've received from local authorities so far with any potential restrictions?

Well, Llywydd, I'm very conscious of the impact of the decisions that we make on businesses in Wales and on people's livelihoods. The Welsh Government has put together a very considerable sum of money that we have invested in trying to protect businesses in Wales from the impact of coronavirus—that is over and above any help that has come from the UK Government. And the UK Government, with the comprehensive spending review tomorrow, needs to make sure that it is doing everything it can to make sure that businesses in Wales and across the United Kingdom are in a position to withstand the ongoing impact of coronavirus, and it needs to do it in a more wholehearted way. The repeated re-announcements by the Chancellor of the Exchequer of the package of assistance that comes from the UK Government has not been helpful, I think. We are doing the most we can in Wales to help businesses; I think the Chancellor's approach is to do the least he can get away with, and that is the real contrast between us.

Discussions with local authorities, of course, go on all the time. There'll be meetings today involving the health Minister, the local government Minister, the education Minister, the Welsh Local Government Association and other leaders of local authorities in Wales, and that partnership approach is the one that we think has managed to sustain us through the crisis to date, and we will be certain that, in Wales, we will go on being committed to it.

Llywydd, I thank Mick Antoniw for that. The latest employment and growth forecasts clearly show the damaging impact the coronavirus pandemic is having on the Welsh economy and beyond. To date, our lockdown business fund has provided over £7 million in support to 2,379 businesses, spanning over 22,000 jobs in Rhondda Cynon Taf alone.

Thank you for that answer, First Minister. In my constituency of Pontypridd, we have battled with flooding, which hit our economy and our infrastructure hard, and, of course, we battle with COVID, with some of the highest infection rates in Wales. And, like many thousands of others, I've stood outside my home and clapped and applauded our public sector workers as a community, and we've recognised the vital contribution that they've made during the pandemic. Many of them have suffered from COVID; some have died. Our thoughts are with the family of Mark Simons, a healthcare assistant at the Royal Glamorgan Hospital and a Unite health and safety representative. He died on 10 November after contracting coronavirus. First Minister, all our public sector workers have gone the extra distance to keep us safe and to protect us and our families. Now, on Wednesday, whilst the Tory Government's mates make millions of pounds of profit out of dodgy personal protective equipment contracts, the Chancellor, Rishi Sunak, is planning to tell our public sector workers that their reward for their sacrifice will be three years of pay freeze for tens of thousands of Welsh workers—a return to Tory austerity.

First Minister, it is not too late to ask the UK Government to do a u-turn. So, will you make contact with the Prime Minister as a matter of urgency and do all you can to urge him to honour and recognise the contribution of all—and I emphasise 'all'—our public sector workers during this pandemic?

Well, I thank Mick Antoniw for that, Llywydd. I thank him for reminding us—I know Members here don't forget at all, but just for reminding us—that behind everything that we talk about here are actual people's lives. Over 3,300 deaths reported in Wales by the Office for National Statistics today, and many of those people have been front-line workers in our health and social care services and elsewhere. So, of course it is not too late to urge the Chancellor of the Exchequer to rule out a public sector pay freeze and to deliver the funding, across the United Kingdom, that we need to protect our health, jobs, and to support a fair recovery. Workers across our public services have continued to play their crucial roles in the midst of a global pandemic, helping to save lives and to keep services running. They should be recognised for this effort and not forced to pick up the bill.

The Chancellor says that there is no return to austerity. Well, I certainly hope that that is true of public sector workers who've been at the forefront of this crisis and who deserve to be recognised for that. Unfortunately, Llywydd, I'm told that the Prime Minister will once again not attend the COBRA meeting this afternoon. You might think that, given the significance of the decisions that we are having to take there, the Prime Minister might think that that was a conversation in which he would choose to be engaged. But, if an opportunity arises—there will be other Ministers of the UK Government there, and, if that opportunity arises, I will certainly make the points that the Member has made here this afternoon.

First Minister, I'm particularly concerned about young people in South Wales Central, including Pontypridd, who are entering or attempting to enter the labour market during this period, and I think we have very harsh past experience of young people entering the labour market during a period of economic distress. And I would urge you to look at the training packages and also the funds available for postgraduate study, for instance, in the next few years, because I think these sorts of programmes, which are largely under the control of the Welsh Government, will need to be used to a greater extent than perhaps we had planned, but this will also help our further education colleges and the university sector. But young people really need to be supported as much as we can during this period.

Well, Llywydd, I agree with the point that David Melding is making. We have very difficult experience in Wales of generations of young people without a future mapped out in front of them, and we absolutely do not want to go back to that in this crisis. I agree with what the Member said—that there will be young people who will choose to use this period to invest further in developing their own skills and education, so that, when an upturn comes, they are better equipped to take advantage of it, and we will want to help them to make sure that that happens.

I know that the Member will have seen the announcement on 11 November, where we provided further detail of the help that businesses can have—and further education colleges, of course, as a result—to promote apprenticeships here in Wales. Businesses are now able to claim £3,000 for each new apprentice under the age of 25 when employed for at least 30 hours, and I know that David Melding will particularly welcome the fact that there is an additional £1,500 for any business who is able to take on a new disabled young person as an apprentice. On 18 November, we announced the business start-up barriers fund, a sum of £1.2 million, particularly aimed at those young people who left college and university in 2019 and 2020 who may have ideas of their own about businesses they would wish to try and get off the ground, but need that extra help and support from Government in order to be able to do so, and that business start-up barrier fund will particularly be aimed at the sort of young people to whom David Melding has drawn attention this afternoon.

I thank the Member for that, Llywydd. The pilot started on Saturday 21 November. It involves everyone living, working or studying in the area and that they are all to be offered a COVID-19 test as part of the first mass testing of a whole area in Wales.

Thank you for that answer, First Minister, and I'm sure you'd want to join with me in thanking everyone involved in the logistics, delivery and the analysis of this mass testing programme. I went myself, thankfully for a negative test, on Saturday, and I can say that everybody involved in it has been absolutely outstanding in working to ensure that the pilot is a success, and that includes quickly updating frequently asked questions, making sure that shielding people and people with non-shielding disabilities, the elderly, frail and so on have been specially catered for throughout this process, although we probably do still need to give a bit of thought to managing testing for those with learning disabilities. I'd also urge you to consider probably testing in the larger workplaces as well. But, in these first few days, we've seen thousands of tests taken by people who are keen to help the process, and those people with good reason to attend. About 1 per cent, so far, have been positive results from people who are asymptomatic. Over the course of that pilot, that will be several hundred people who would otherwise be unknowingly spreading the virus in the community. Now, you've already answered earlier questions about what happens after this pilot and beyond, so I won't go into those points again, but, as you know, First Minister, my constituency has significant areas of poverty and deprivation, often linked to insecure work and zero-hours contracts, which, as we know, have been a deterrent to many in coming forward for testing. So, can I seek your assurance that the Welsh Government will be working with local partners to ensure that mass testing is also delivered amongst these harder-to-reach communities, as this will be a critical factor in ensuring the success of the pilot?

Llywydd, I thank Dawn Bowden for that. I heard a very informative interview that she gave at the weekend, reporting from the front line of testing in Merthyr, and I absolutely agree with her about the huge team effort there has been from the local authority, from the local health board and public health services, the assistance we've had through the armed forces. It really has been a remarkable effort, and, in these early days, it has met with a remarkable response from residents in Merthyr Tydfil as well. Llywydd, Dawn Bowden raised a number of points, first of all about workplaces and the importance of making sure that employers are aligned with all of this. There is an offer of a test for anybody who works in the county borough—whether they live elsewhere but work in Merthyr, a test is available for them. I'll be discussing this at the social partnership council, which is next due to meet on Thursday of this week.

Dawn Bowden made an important point, Llywydd, about those people who are frail or vulnerable, shielding or with learning disabilities, and how we make sure that they are included in the programme. I'm pleased to say that I believe that the local authority has written out to everybody on the shielding list today offering them a home test, which means they don't need to leave home and go to a mass testing centre. So, I think that's another very strong sign of the progressive way that the testing regime is being delivered in the area, and of course, Llywydd, Dawn Bowden makes the very important point about reaching those communities where, conventionally, services struggle the most to have the impact that we want them to make. We're going to be using waste water surveillance methods in Merthyr, as they did in Liverpool—waste water surveillance, Members will recall, led by Bangor University during its creation. We will have seven different testing points in the Merthyr county borough area, and that will allow us to see that we are getting a response in different parts of the borough, and make additional efforts in places if we're not getting the response that's needed. As I know the local Member will know, it is part of the way in which the mass testing is being provided that, if someone does have a positive test, then they are being actively advised about the help that is available to them either through the self-isolation payment or through the discretionary assistance fund, where we've put £5 million more in to help in this way so that people are able to do the right thing, as they want to do, and don't find themselves with barriers in their way that we can help them to solve.

Thank you, First Minister, for the answers so far in the leaders' questions and also on this particular question around the trial in Merthyr. Are you in a position to confirm when the analysis can be made that, if this trial is successful—and initial indications are that it has been successful—this will rolled out across the rest of Wales, and, in particular, in Rhondda Cynon Taf, an area I represent here that I think would benefit greatly from this testing regime?

I know Andrew R.T. Davies will be interested to know that RCT council has already made a proposal for the expansion of the Merthyr testing regime into the Cynon Valley area of that local authority, and that there are meetings, I think, scheduled for tomorrow to explore that proposition and to see how it might be delivered. This is a huge logistical exercise, as I know that he will recognise, and it's why we are so very grateful to have the support of the armed forces in it, because local services have to try and manage to keep everything else they do all the time going, and releasing people to be part of a mass testing effort requires quite a lot of thinking through. So, if we are to be able to expand the Merthyr scheme into the RCT area, that will require some careful preparation, releasing local staff from local services. We have further assistance from the armed forces joining us in Merthyr over the next couple of days, and we may need to see whether there is any further help that could be forthcoming in order to assist with the sheer practicalities that go with mounting a mass testing exercise of this sort.

Llywydd, can I thank Joyce Watson for that important question? The Welsh Government will continue to support health boards and Public Health Wales to ensure that immunisation information is accurate and accessible and that all those delivering vaccinations are well trained and confident when providing immunisation information.

I thank you for that, First Minister. Last week, Pfizer and BioNTech announced that they had developed a vaccine for COVID-19 and that it was showing promising results, but almost immediately there were messages circulating on social media channels suggesting that the vaccine would be harmful, without any substantiated evidence. I understand that it's natural that people will have concerns and questions about the safety of new and existing vaccines, but I do believe that the misinformation that we've seen on social media platforms has the potential to do a significant amount of harm. First Minister, what discussions has the Welsh Government had with social media channels regarding vaccine misinformation and how we can tackle that? And what steps are being taken to encourage people to access information in a reliable format? 

Well, Llywydd, I thank Joyce Watson for those follow-up questions. She's right to point to the danger of vaccine misinformation—deliberate, malicious misinformation. It's part of a group of attitudes that, unfortunately, have been given credence in other parts of the world. These attitudes emanate from the same group of people who are coronavirus deniers, who try to persuade people to distrust election results, and, as a result, they have a reach into places through social media that could, if things went wrong, do what Joyce Watson said and discourage people who would benefit from vaccination from coming forward. We work with the Cabinet Office in London. They have a rapid response unit, which is expressly there to respond to coronavirus misinformation. And, working with social media platforms, there has been some success, which I'm keen to recognise, in persuading those social media platforms to remove misinformation where it can clearly be identified as such.

I think we have to take some comfort, though, Llywydd, from the actual evidence of what has happened in vaccination programmes over the last period. We have actually gained ground in childhood immunisation programmes during the period of the pandemic. The uptake of the first dose of MMR increased in the first quarter of this year, despite all the difficulties that parents would have experienced in trying to present the child for vaccination. The third scheduled dose of meningococcal group B vaccination is at the highest ever level in Wales. And, of course, we are reaching more people with flu vaccination than ever before, and 70 per cent of people in the over-60 age group have now been vaccinated. It was under 60 per cent this time last year. Thirty seven per cent of under-65s at risk have been vaccinated, and it was 27 per cent this time last year. Seventy three per cent of children aged between four and 10 have been vaccinated. So, while I share the Member's anxieties, the actual behaviour of people in Wales suggests that, when a vaccine is available to them and they have confidence in it, they are coming forward in large numbers, and that's what we will want to encourage when there are vaccines available for coronavirus as well.

First Minister, I do agree with you that there have been improvements in vaccine uptake, but I'd also like to point out that, according to the most recent seasonal influenza Wales 2019-20 annual report, the uptake of the flu vaccine amongst NHS staff was only 56 per cent this year, and you'd think that NHS staff, more than almost anybody else, would surely really understand the value of a vaccine and what benefits we can all get from it. We've also got our very hard-to-reach people, the people who speak neither Welsh nor English, people who are new to our country, people in very, very marginalised areas, or people in very rural areas, where, again, that whole notion of coming out and getting vaccinated—. Plus the vaccine for COVID needs to be a two-vaccine stop, where you might have a situation where someone has one and just thinks, 'Oh well, that's it, I'm done', when in fact they need that second one to make sure that they are really taken care of. So I wonder what plans the Government will be putting together, either as Wales itself or as a UK entity, in trying to really get a strong message out that, actually, there is nothing to be fearful of.

And may I just very quickly also say that we must be very careful how we do that messaging? I speak as a parent whose first child had all the MMRs individually because Andrew Wakefield was at the height of his scare fest, and my second child had just the MMR, because just normal, ordinary people can take fright very easily when all the wrong messages go out. So, I think it's incredibly important that we put together a really cohesive and coherent communication policy, and I would be very interested to know what your Government is doing to put that together and, indeed, how all of us might be able to help to spread that message.

I thank the Member for that. Llywydd, I agree with Angela Burns that the percentage of NHS staff taking up a flu vaccination last year was not good enough. It was better than previous years, and I remember many discussions with Darren Millar here in this Chamber, when I was the health Minister and he was the health spokesperson, about the extent to which we could insist and require that staff take up vaccination.

The good news is that the numbers are well above where they were last year at this point, so the improvements that we've seen in the general population are reflected in healthcare staff as well. But I believe they have a professional obligation to protect themselves from the risks that they otherwise pose to those people who use their service. So, for those staff, it is not just a matter of protecting yourself; it is a professional obligation, I always argued, to make sure that you avoid a risk that otherwise you may pose to others, and we need to do more. We need to do it with the royal collages and with the trade unions in that field to drive that figure up even further.

I was reminded in Angela Burns's supplementary, Llywydd, that when we saw the measles outbreak in Swansea some years ago, the families we failed to reach were not families, in fact, who were avoiding vaccination. They were the families that Angela Burns referred to—people whose first language is neither Welsh nor English, who are mobile and whose addresses change rapidly, and where conventional ways of reaching them don't work. But I do think Public Health Wales learned a lot from that experience, and we're better equipped now to make sure that we can respond to those difficulties.

And finally, can I just agree with the final point that Angela Burns made, Llywydd, that we need the effort that can be made by all of us? Every Member of this Senedd has some standing in their local communities. We all speak with some authority to groups within our own areas, and it's adding our own voices, as well as those of public services, to that global effort we will need when a vaccine becomes available to persuade people of its safety, of its efficacy, and of the very many good reasons there will be why people should come forward to receive it.

I'm grateful to Joyce for tabling this very important question. First Minister, it's not only online that misinformation about COVID is being shared. It was drawn to my attention last week, a particularly pernicious leaflet being put through people's doors. It was in Pembrokeshire, but I was also made aware that it was happening in Caerphilly. It had an official look about it—you could have mistaken it for an official Government communication. Misinformation, I think, First Minister, online is bad enough, but at least people have got some sort of choice about what Facebook groups they join and what Twitter feeds they follow. This leaflet was coming through everybody's doors without them having any right to reject it. I think that we all in this Chamber support freedom of speech, but freedom of speech needs to be exercised responsibly. Is there anything further the Welsh Government can do, working with the police service in the areas that have been affected by this leaflet and with local authorities, to try and counteract this message? And is there any legal redress against people who are deliberately sharing information that could be very frightening to people and very, very damaging, as we've already touched on around areas like persuading people to take up the vaccination?

Llywydd, I think Helen Mary Jones is right: there's something particularly insidious about something being put through your own door and that deliberate and, as I would say, malicious attempt to mislead people with inaccurate information. I know that local people who've received that leaflet in Pembrokeshire have informed the police and looked to see whether there is any redress. It's the same leaflet, as I understand it, that has been in circulation in many parts, not just of Wales, but more widely. Amongst the things we can do are the things that Angela Burns referred to, which is to mobilise voices that will carry some weight in local communities. And I know that tomorrow evening, Steve Moore, as the chief executive of Hywel Dda health board, and the police and crime commissioner for the area are jointly holding a Facebook live session, partly in response to the circulation of that leaflet, so that they can be together in providing authoritative information to the local population and to do it directly in that way.

Latest estimates suggest that during the month of August, 974 people presenting as homeless were found immediate accommodation; 476 homeless people were provided with suitable long-term accommodation; and 101 homeless people were rough-sleeping. Monthly data of that sort will be published for the remainder of this Senedd term.

Can I thank the First Minister for his answer? And he would have also heard the exchange in the Chamber last week with the housing Minister, and the number of 100 or 101 rough-sleepers who are now on the streets of the towns and cities of Wales is very distressing. I know that over 3,000 or 3,500, I think, people have been helped during COVID into emergency accommodation of one kind or another, and that is a real achievement, but part of the problem is that, for many years, we've not had a very reliable estimate of the number of rough-sleepers, and this has been a problem across the United Kingdom, but we do need to know the level of the problem, so that we can take appropriate action to meet the scale of it. But can you give us the assurance immediately that the assertive outreach to help those 101 people who are rough-sleeping at the moment is being effective?

Llywydd, I think we can give that assurance. It's two things together, it seems to me. It is assertive outreach and then it's a proper level of support for those people after they have been reached and after they have been placed in accommodation. We know that amongst the 101 people who were sleeping rough in August, there will be some people whose level of addiction to alcohol or to drugs has taken them back onto the streets again. We will know that in some settings, where people who were previously homeless have been temporarily housed, there is a level of anti-social behaviour that has an impact on staff and on other tenants alike and which some people find they're just not able to deal with. So, as well as reaching people through assertive outreach services, we also have to make sure that we have the help that is then necessary to sustain people in temporary accommodation to begin with, and then into permanent accommodation in the way that we wish to see. I know that David Melding will be aware of the fact that in the £50 million next phase of our homelessness response, nearly £10 million of that is for that wraparound support in mental health and substance misuse, to try and make sure that people do not feel that the answer that's right for them is a return to rough-sleeping from which they otherwise would have been relieved.

In July, we announced a £40 million package to help employers across Wales to take on and train new workers. Earlier this month, as part of that package, we launched specific assistance to encourage the recruitment of apprentices, as well as a barriers fund to help individuals who are considering self-employment.

Thank you for that answer, First Minister. And, First Minister, you'll know that Centrica began talks with the GMB union earlier this year about terms and conditions changes to jobs, but they kicked off those talks in the middle of the pandemic with the threat to fire and rehire its 20,000 strong UK workforce, and the biggest proportion of these jobs per head of population is right here in Wales, and many indeed are in my constituency. This is a company, First Minister, that has benefited from a £200 million contract to run the Nest energy efficiency programme in Wales. So, do you agree with me that this is not what we should expect from an organisation with which we do business here in Wales and that it's not the way we expect them to treat their workers? Will he, therefore, call on them to take their threats off the table, come back from the brink, and work for a sensible, negotiated deal that is in the shared interests of the reputation of Centrica plc and their shareholders, and, most importantly, in the interests of their highly skilled and loyal workforce and their families?

I certainly am aware of the Centrica issue, having had discussions directly with leaders of the GMB about it. My colleague Ken Skates wrote to Centrica back in August when we were last discussing this with the union. Let me be clear, Llywydd: there is no excuse for any organisation or company using the coronavirus crisis to erode the rights and the entitlements of its workforce. And I echo very much the final point that Huw Irranca-Davies made; I think the company would be very well advised to take the threat off the table, to get back around the table, and to work with the GMB to a negotiated deal. 

Finally, question 8, Siân Gwenllian. 

Thank you very much, Siân Gwenllian, for that question. The health board is working to improve access to dental services. This includes plans to urgently replace lost provision.

I understand that there will be a training centre for dentistry opening in north Wales, and that's very good news, but it is two or three years away, and in the meantime, there is a very real crisis developing in my constituency. Part of the problem arises from the way in which the contracts work between dentists and the health board, and there has been a pledge for some time that this Government would look in detail at what needs to be done in order to improve that situation. Can you make progress with that work now please? At the moment, people in my constituency are being let down. There is another dental surgery to close next year, and we truly require urgent action in this area. 

Can I thank Siân Gwenllian very much? I've seen the figures in terms of what has been occurring in her area. We haven't mentioned Brexit yet today, but Brexit has had a negative impact on dental services. Seventeen per cent of dentists employed by the major companies—and the major companies are the ones that are withdrawing from areas such as the north-west—are recruited from the European Union, and Brexit undermines that. As Siân Gwenllian was saying, the new dentistry unit in Bangor will assist, and the health board's efforts to increase access to emergency dental services will help. Professor Paul Brocklehurst, the deputy chief dental officer, is based in north Wales, and he will be offering special support in responding to the challenge that is being faced in the Member's constituency. 

Thank you, First Minister. 

The next item is questions to the Counsel General on his law officer responsibilities. The first question is from Helen Mary Jones. 

We have, as a Government, repeatedly expressed concerns to the UK Government about women who have had their state pension age raised without effective or sufficient notification. The Deputy Minister and Chief Whip recently wrote again to the UK Government to press for a just and fair solution for the women.

I'm grateful to the Counsel General for his reply. Does he agree with me that in the COVID context there are particular reasons why the UK Government should address this injustice as a matter of urgency? Official advice to the over-60s suggests that people should minimise their contact with others, and yet, many of the 1950s women are working in public-facing roles such as social care, NHS and retail. They tell me that they're frightened to go to work, but they can't afford not to do so. And there are potentially 1.5 million jobs that could be released if those women were allowed access to their pensions now and given some compensation for what they have lost. There are over 5,000 women affected in Llanelli in my region alone. The UK Government has found itself able to find resources when it's needed to, to respond to the COVID crisis, and I'm sure we all appreciate that. But does the Counsel General agree with me that they should look again in this context where women are being asked to work in situations where they may not be safe, and where we have young people, as we've heard in response to earlier questions, desperately looking for work—is it not time that the UK Government should act? And can the Counsel General consider further correspondence with the UK Government in this post-COVID context on the women's behalf?

I thank the Member for that important supplementary. I think it casts a very significant light on the situation. I think she's right to say, of course, that women are over-represented, if you like, in sectors that have been particularly badly hit during the COVID crisis, which I think illustrates very starkly the challenge that many of these women face. Many of them have been working in roles that may have not been well paid for many, many years before facing the financial pressure that they face anew as a consequence of the actions of the UK Government. I know that she will share with me the dismay that the litigation strategy that the campaign groups were pursuing hasn't been able to bear fruit. But that does now, I think, impose on the UK Government a particular and special responsibility to engage with the groups that have been advocating on behalf of women affected. I, and I imagine many other Members in the Chamber, have received correspondence with women affected putting forward very sensible and pragmatic proposals for how this challenge and injustice could be addressed. And it's in that light that my colleague Jane Hutt has written to the UK Government, to encourage them to engage with these groups and negotiate a solution.

Clause 49 of the Bill as introduced would make the entire UK Internal Market Act a protected enactment. Protected enactment status should only be used where it can be justified. We have proposed that this provision is omitted; it is for the UK Government now to make the case for its inclusion.

Diolch, Counsel General. The Welsh public voted in favour of devolution in 1997. After that initial mandate, we've had 12 further democratic events that have allowed the Welsh people to confirm that view—in the form of a further referendum in 2011, five Senedd elections, and six general elections. The referenda and all the elections returned clear pro-devolution majorities. Now, you'll know that clause 46 of the internal market Bill will enable the UK Government to spend money in devolved areas in Wales. That would allow them, for example, to spend money on transport plans that could have a detrimental effect on areas that are devolved, such as public health, the environment and conservation. As you've been setting out, Counsel General, clause 49 of the Bill prevents the Senedd from being able to bring forward a legal challenge to such plans, even though they affect devolved areas. We've known from the beginning that Boris Johnson was hostile to devolution, which has since been confirmed through the horse's mouth. This power grab is a substantiation of that hostility. So, do you agree with me that the Tory UK Government has zero democratic mandate to pass such provisions, especially given that a majority of Welsh MPs voted against them and that this Senedd is opposed?

I think the Member is right to point to the effect of the protected enactment designation on the Bill, in that it does prevent the effects of the Act from being modified by this Senedd. But she points as well to a much broader provision in the Bill, which is equally iniquitous—if I can put it in those terms—which is the provisions that give UK Government Ministers powers from devolved areas to spend in Wales. Now, we heard the contributions in the House of Commons during the debates on the Bill earlier in the year and it was evident from those contributions that I think what motivates some of these judgements is the UK Government not being content with the priorities that the Welsh Government, elected by the people of Wales, have set for themselves as part of a democratic mandate. I think what's important at this point is for the UK Government to recognise it isn't too late for it to change its mind in relation to this provision. We would certainly invite it to do that. When we've discussed it with the UK Government, obviously, it's described as an opportunity to work in partnership. Well, if that is the case, it seems to me to be an opportunity to work around the Welsh Government, rather than work with the Welsh Government. But, as I say, it's not too late for the UK Government to change its position in relation to that and recognise the democratic devolution settlement. 

I'm particularly concerned about this, because, having been told that leaving the EU is about taking back control, I don't think many of us realised that that meant the UK Government clawing back both control and the money that goes with it for the centre to be able to target seats for their own political purposes. And just leaving aside the incompetence of the UK Government over test, trace and protect and their appetite for giving money to their mates, the whole point of devolved government is that the Welsh Government understands the difference between Cardiff, Caernarfon and Caersws, as well as the granular detail of communities like mine, like Adamsdown and parts of Pentwyn, which are super-output areas of deprivation, and whose needs are completely different from those of, say, Cyncoed or Penylan, even though they're only a few miles apart. So, what can be done do stop the Tory UK Government from hijacking this money for their own ends, rather than tackling poverty and deprivation in our communities?

The Member is, of course, right to say that the purpose behind the Bill—the intent of the Bill, certainly—is to limit the capacity of the Senedd and Welsh Ministers to act in accordance with the devolution settlement. It didn't have to be this way, and it still doesn't have to be this way. We've proposed an alternative to the Bill that respects the devolution settlement, but also delivers the high standards across a range of areas, which I know that she feels very passionately about and is a very ardent campaigner for. As I say, we've pursued a strategy of putting forward constructive alternatives, and have had significant support in the House of Lords, as I know that she is aware, for many of those positions, from a range of political voices and non-political voices, and from a range of different walks of life. And there has been a very, very strong theme that the devolution settlement needs to be respected and that if the UK Government is proceeding on the basis that this Bill is intended to strengthen the union, it will find that it is mistaken, because the best way of doing that is by defending and extending devolution, rather than trying to ride roughshod over it. 

The Welsh Government has made clear to the UK Government that an EU trade deal is of vital importance for Welsh citizens and businesses. However, as a responsible Government we are planning for the possibility. This includes making all necessary Welsh legislation to deliver a 'no trade deal' outcome by 31 December.

I'm grateful to the Counsel General for his reply. Can I ask how confident he is that we will have a functioning, workable legal framework in important fields, like the environment and agriculture, that were previously derived from European law? He speaks, in his response to Delyth Jewell, about a constructive alternative to the internal market Bill, and, of course, that's the right approach to take, but what considerations are being given by the Welsh Government as to what steps might be taken to protect the devolution settlement if this legislation is passed unamended? Does he share my concern, and a concern that was expressed recently by Professor Emyr Lewis at Swansea University, that we may, if this Bill is passed unamended, be faced with a UK Government that is developing a taste for legislating in a way that puts itself beyond the usual reach of law? Has the Counsel General had any discussions with law officers in the other devolved administrations about what legal steps, if any, might be taken should this Bill be passed unamended? I hope that he would agree with me that it would be very dangerous indeed for the UK Government to get a taste for passing legislation that puts itself beyond the reach of the law.

It would be not only dangerous, but it would be profoundly wrong in the context of the devolution settlement. So, I endorse the comment the Member makes in her question in relation to that. I think the point that Delyth Jewell was making in her question around the protected enactment is an extension of the usual principle. So, we have accepted that there may be occasions when enactments become protected, but in relation to this Bill, there is effectively a blanket prohibition on modification, which you would expect to see in very significant constitutional legislation, not one that, on the face of it, deals with matters to do with the economy and trade. So, I think that gives you the clue that you need about the extent of the trespass on the devolution settlement that this Bill represents. And I agree with her that it would be very dangerous to see that becoming a pattern and, indeed, it would be completely unacceptable, even in this Bill.

In relation to the question of a functioning statute book at the end of the transition period, I will say that a huge amount of work has been under way in relation to aligning the Welsh statute book, through secondary legislation, to take account of the changes that will need to happen after the end of the transition period. It's been really rather a mammoth task, and there are further statutory instruments coming forward to the Senedd over the coming weeks. We don't yet know what the outcome will be of the negotiations between the UK Government and the European Commission, obviously, but if that concludes in a deal, there will probably be the need for implementing legislation, and that will quite possibly—probably, I would suggest—require the Senedd's consent if it deals with matters that are otherwise devolved. We don't yet know what that legislation will look like. We don't yet know the scale of the task of grappling with it. We don't yet know the volume of implementing secondary legislation that that will entail. It will probably all need to be done by the end of this year. So, the challenge, I think, is obvious when I lay it out in that way. Whilst there has been good progress and, I would say, very good levels of joint working with the UK Government and other devolved Governments in relation to the programme of work so far, it's obvious when I say it that there's a significant challenge that lies very immediately ahead of us. And I think that that tells you a little about the scale of the challenge that we all face in the coming months. 

Welsh Ministers established a taskforce evaluating potential solutions regarding unadopted roads. It concluded that legislative changes were not required, but a good-practice guide was published, reducing the risk of further unadopted roads being created. We will shortly publish findings from our call for evidence on estate charges on new developments.

Following the Member debate, which I proposed in Plenary on 14 February 2018, I was pleased to see the report from the unadopted roads taskforce. However, one element disappoints me, and that relates to the lack of legal weight behind some of the recommendations. In particular, the taskforce's road adoption model guide states that if five or more properties are served by a road in a new housing development, highways authorities should serve an advanced payment code notice on developers, which essentially ensures a financial bond is in place to meet any future costs of bringing the road up to adoptable standard, as you will be aware. However, guidance and recommendation, I would suggest, is not strong enough, in my opinion, in this case. Will you, therefore, commit to holding further discussions with the Minister for transport to explore whether legislation should be introduced in this area so as to place a duty on local authorities to serve a notice on developers in such circumstances? 

I thank Dai Lloyd for his further question in relation to that. I think the Minister for the economy, who commissioned the work of the taskforce, last made a statement on this topic only a few weeks ago at the end of October. The recommendations from the taskforce, which is, obviously, constituted in order to give advice, took the view that the better route at this stage certainly relates to the use of the Highways Act 1980, and the powers under section 38 in particular, and that the rest of its recommendations could be achieved, indeed, without primary legislation. As I say, there is a further call for evidence in relation to matters related to estate charges. The point he makes about the payment obligations are, obviously, particularly concerning. Whether or not there'll be any legislative considerations that arise in the context of estate charges will have to remain to be seen when we have the recommendations and the output of the call for evidence. 

The Welsh Government has worked closely with UK Government and the other devolved Governments on the UK Fisheries Bill and on EU exit secondary legislation to secure a suite of powers that will enable us to support Welsh fisheries after the end of the EU transition period.

Thank you. Whilst I'm certainly hopefully for a deal, especially in light of Ursula von der Leyen's talk of progress last Saturday, it is, however, incumbent on the Welsh Government to prepare for a worst-case scenario. We have just 37 days of transition left, so it is essential that everyone in Wales prepares to the best of their ability, including all Welsh fisheries. Undoubtedly, there has been some excellent news, as the agreement with Canada will mean that fish can be exported tariff free. But, of course, we cannot forget the importance of the EU market. For example, over 60 per cent of Welsh seafood exports are destined for Spain. Whilst fisheries support is a Welsh Government responsibility, I do welcome the fact that you are striving for a UK-wide intervention scheme. According to the end of transition action plan, the latest position was that you were in communication with the UK Government. Can you update the Senedd and its Members today as to when you hope to have this support in place in case it should ever be needed?

I almost had to check to see which benches that submission was coming from for a moment. I will always welcome growing recognition from benches on all parts of this Chamber about the impact of the challenge that lies ahead. I will say that it is a very significant set of challenges that this Government has been trying to wrestle with, and I'm glad that there's a recognition of the risks that lie in the period ahead as a consequence of leaving the European Union potentially without a deal.

What I will say from a policy point of view—. I'm sure that my colleague, the Minister who is responsible for fisheries, will bring forward further information in due course. I will refer Janet Finch-Saunders to Lesley Griffiths's statement of only a few weeks ago in relation to future plans for supporting fisheries in relation to the 'Brexit and our Seas' consultation, which outlined some of our proposals. But, I will just say to her that there has been very close working with other parts of the UK in relation to this, so that we have the tools available in order to be able to look after the interests of fishers in Wales, both in terms of legislation, preparation for future financial support from the beginning of next year, and plans in due course for a Welsh fisheries Bill.  

Question 6, Janet Finch-Saunders.

Thank you, Llywydd, and just for clarity, I wasn't being a doom-monger there—

No, you don't get a second chance at question 5. You, in fact, get a chance at question 6 now. Janet Finch-Saunders.

The Welsh Government continues to work closely with the UK Government and devolved Governments to make the case for funding from Her Majesty's Treasury to support the red meat sector in the event of a 'no trade deal' exit.

Thank you. You'll be aware, of course, that the end of transition action plan does acknowledge that, in the best scenario, we would have a deal, and I want to see a trade deal. But, we have to prepare, and, let's be honest, as a Welsh Government you have had a long time since that vote to make these preparations. You have been working with the UK Government, I hope, to develop a UK-wide contingency plan in response to the potential impacts on the sheep sector. According to the end of transition plan, the operational design was yet to be completed as of 11 November 2020. Has there now been this agreement and, if so, will you outline to us as Members how the crisis intervention scheme is going to work?

NFU Cymru has raised concerns about the Welsh milk sector being vulnerable as a consequence of its size and its ability to process milk, and a dependence on a dairy commodity market that does not pay too well, as we all know. What steps are you taking as the Counsel General to safeguard our dairy industry ahead of next year also?  

Well, I'm sorry to disappoint Janet Finch-Saunders, but I think that those questions are largely focused on the policy response of the Government in relation to supporting the red meat sector, and I do think that those questions are probably more appropriately put to Lesley Griffiths as the Minister responsible. But, from a legal perspective, she will be aware that, in the Agriculture Act 2020, for example, Welsh Ministers took powers specifically to deal with exceptional market conditions, which these conditions obviously would represent, and provide powers for us to support the sector in those circumstances.

As she herself makes clear, it is vitally important for the red meat sector that an agreement should be reached. Thirty-five per cent of our lamb crop is exported, and 90 per cent of that is exported to the EU market. So, if we do not secure a deal that protects the interests of Welsh farmers in that respect, there will certainly be the need for UK-wide intervention, and we will look to the Treasury to fund that intervention. But, as I say, we have the legal framework in place to enable that to happen.

I thank the Counsel General.

The next item is the business statement and announcement. I call on the Trefnydd to make the statement—Rebecca Evans.

Diolch, Llywydd. I have three changes to this week's business. The Minister for Health and Social Services will make a statement today on the update on special measures arrangements at Betsi Cadwaladr University Health Board. Consequently, the statement on the Valleys taskforce has been postponed until 8 December. Finally, the debate on the Legislation (Wales) Act 2019 (Amendment of Schedule 1) Regulations 2020 has been moved to the last item on today's agenda. Draft business for the next three weeks is set out on the business statement and announcement, which can be found amongst the meeting papers available to Members electronically.

Trefnydd, can I call for a statement from an appropriate Government Minister regarding restrictions on singing in Welsh churches and other places of worship? Obviously, we've got the Christmas season that is about to be upon us. Many people enjoy going to carol services and participating in worship services at this particular time of the year, and the UK Government has recently made an announcement on principles for safer singing, including in places of worship, which will enable people to get together, provided they are cognisant of social distancing and take other precautions, in order to gather for such worship. I would really like the opportunity for people in Wales to enjoy the same privileges, and I wonder whether we could have a statement on this as soon as possible. Thank you.

Thank you to Darren Millar for raising this issue this afternoon, and of course we keep all aspects of our regulations and our guidance under constant review. I do understand the challenges that the restrictions on singing in places of worship does place on churches and other places of faith within our communities, and I understand the disappointment that many people feel in not being able to sing at the moment. I will ask the Minister for Mental Health, Well-being and Welsh Language—as is her new title—to consider the points that you've made, and obviously, as we continue to keep these things under review, your points will be taken into due account.

I'd like to highlight the frustrations of Rhondda businesses that have been left without any financial help since the beginning of the pandemic. We know businesses across Wales that have lost out after applying for the economic resilience fund. A new business in the Rhondda tell me that they've not received any support, despite losing a majority of their takings. They applied for a lockdown discretionary grant administered through the local authority and received a response saying that their application to another fund, which they hadn't applied to, had been unsuccessful. Taxi drivers are another group that haven't been catered for, and there was a Unite trade union organised demonstration today in Cardiff city centre, calling for support, and I back this campaign. Now, I acknowledge that we live in unprecedented times and that schemes have been drawn up quickly, but unless lessons are learned from what has gone wrong so far, then mistakes will be repeated and targeted support will continue not to reach the businesses that need it. So, can we have a Government statement outlining how you can review the grant system so that those cases that I've raised today can be helped and that we can ensure that businesses and people don't miss out on a financial lifeline when they really, really need it now?

I'm grateful, again, to Leanne Wood for raising this issue this afternoon, and I know that she'll be taking up that first specific case with the council in RCT in order to establish what has happened with that particular grant application. It is the case, of course, that Wales does continue to have the most generous package of support for businesses anywhere in the UK, and the third phase of the ERF has already seen over 35,000 businesses offered over £106 million to date, and, in addition, more than £20 million has reached tourism, hospitality and retail businesses with a retail value of between £12,000 and £50,000, in the form of that emergency funding. So, that funding is absolutely getting to businesses, although inevitably we're not going to be able to support every single business in Wales. But we are absolutely keen to learn from the experiences of the third phase of the economic resilience fund as we develop our future support for business.

And I absolutely share the concerns about taxi drivers in particular. I think that there is a social justice element here. I had a good discussion with Professor Ogbonna, who has been doing some work for Welsh Government on how the black, Asian and minority ethnic community in particular has been badly affected by the coronavirus. And taxi drivers are eligible to apply for that discretionary element of the ERF, and I'm really keen that we get that message out to taxi drivers. But I know that Ken Skates has also been having some discussion on specific issues affecting taxi drivers and others, with Unite and others who are affected.

If I could, I would like to ask the Government for a statement on the availability of crisis services, including financial assistance programmes, throughout Christmas and the new year period.

Presiding Officer, we're all, on all sides of the Chamber, aware of how people have suffered over this year, and we also know that there are many families facing a real crisis at this time of year. We have a debate about Christmas and the need for people to come together and enjoy the festive period, but sometimes, I think, we forget that, for many families, they will fear Christmas and they will not be looking forward to the holiday period because of the financial pressures that they're facing as a family. And we know that there are groups of people, or volunteers and communities coming together to support and sustain families in this period, as there have been throughout the last year in my own constituency. But it is important that the Welsh Government, I feel, make a real statement on how they will be seeking to support crisis services through this period.

I would also like to ask for a debate on the shared prosperity fund. We understand from the Sunday papers that the UK Government will be making a statement on this tomorrow. There has been, to my knowledge, no consultation on this, and it appears—again through reading reports in newspapers—that the UK Government intends to not learn the lessons of European funding, but to repeat some of the mistakes that were made. As European funding programmes Minister, I led a review of how we did allocate funding and funding streams nearly a decade ago, and we learnt a lot of lessons at that time, all of which are being undone now by a Government that is intent on playing politics with our country's future. I hope that we will be able to have an urgent debate on this matter before the Christmas recess to ensure that this place is able to discuss these matters and to put its own views on the table.

Thank you to Alun Davies for giving me the opportunity to put on record the Welsh Government's thanks for those individuals and volunteers who have worked so hard throughout the coronavirus pandemic to offer that kind of crisis support to families and individuals who really are on the sharp end of things as a result of the crisis and as a result of 10 years of austerity.

Welsh Government has put significant funding into the single advice fund, and that fund has had a specific and impressive record, I think, in terms of ensuring that families and individuals are claiming the benefits to which they're entitled—millions of pounds back into the pockets of people who quite rightly deserve that in Wales. So, I think that's been very successful. And, as part of the response to the pandemic, we've also increased our support for the discretionary assistance fund by over £10 million, and again, that's a really important opportunity for people who are really struggling and find themselves in a desperate situation, to access some very quick funding. So, we're very pleased with the way in which that fund is being operated, and of course, I would encourage Members to signpost any constituents who need that support to that fund.

I share Alun Davies's real concerns about the shared prosperity fund. Engagement from the UK Government has been absolutely woeful—non-existent, in fact—on this particular issue. To what extent we will know anything of use tomorrow in the spending review is as yet unknown, but it is my intention, early after the spending review announcement, to be able to provide an early statement—in the first instance, a written statement—to colleagues with our initial reactions, and then, obviously, we'll find the right opportunity to provide more information on any news that may or may not be forthcoming on the shared prosperity fund.

I call for an urgent statement on support for small bed-and-breakfast businesses. When I asked you for a statement on this six weeks ago, I said the Welsh Government again excluded them from financial support to help them survive the pandemic, this time barred from a third round of the economic resilience fund. They were also deemed ineligible in previous rounds and have been denied small business grants, unlike their counterparts in England and Scotland. In reply, you said they should speak to Business Wales advisers to explore whether they can point them in the direction of other forms of support. Having tried this, they told me that only loans were available, and these would push them into unmanageable debt.

They've since told me that they are also ineligible for your lockdown discretionary grant and ask if the Welsh Government were going to help them before we go into this winter, stating, 'Our sector cannot possibly survive without additional help'. They therefore need a statement from you, detailing the support you will now give them, or explaining why on earth you've abandoned this key sector and its support for our local economies.

Well, I'd be really grateful if Mark Isherwood could send me some more details of the reasons as to why the B&B owners to whom he refers were not eligible for the discretionary fund. He says that he has, but it hasn't arrived with me yet. So, I'd be keen to understand the reasons behind that, because we are, as I've mentioned in response to Leanne Wood, we are looking to explore what we can learn from this current ERF phase 3 in terms of our package of support as we move forward for business. So, I'd be keen to understand why they were unable to access funding through the discretionary fund, which is deliberately very wide and broad in order to meet the needs of those businesses that have not yet been able to access support.

I would like to know with whom exactly within Welsh Government the theatre sector should be having discussions about reopening in a safe manner. With bingo halls, cinemas and casinos and so on being able to reopen, those working in theatres, and some of us who enjoy attending theatres, do need to know when they will be able to reopen safely. The problem is that they don't know with whom within Welsh Government they should be discussing the issue. It seems that they are in discussions held by the major events unit, but that isn't the appropriate place for this discussion because you could be talking about very small-scale events within theatres. So, can you give us some clarity: with whom exactly should they be having these discussions?

Well, in the light of the wider public health context, theatres and concert halls, as Siân Gwenllian says, are required to remain closed to the general public. And, of course, they are however integral to our approach to testing events, which, unfortunately, won't now be able to resume until February at the earliest. So, it will be, at the earliest, February in terms of when we look at those tests. We have started to reopen in a limited way. So, we've been exploring opening up to rehearsals and to online performances, for example, and our £63 million cultural recovery fund is there to support theatres and concert halls in the meantime.

In terms of who they should explore further conversations with, it would be Eluned Morgan or Dafydd Elis-Thomas who would be the appropriate person to have those discussions.

I have two brief requests, Trefnydd: first, could we have time in the Chamber to discuss the annual report of the national advisers on domestic violence and abuse, please? Tomorrow is the International Day for the Elimination of Violence against Women and Children, and last year, there were the deaths of 1,300 women, and five of those in Wales. Normally, I would be requesting Members to support the White Ribbon fund. So, can I take this opportunity to ask colleagues to consider support to their local projects in their constituencies? Because they are potential life savers, especially now when, for many women, staying at home does not mean staying safe.

And secondly, I would be pleased to have an update from the Minister for Economy, Transport and North Wales on the Global Centre of Rail Excellence in Wales. The GCRE is a fantastic opportunity for Powys and the upper Swansea valley that's been brought forward by the Welsh Government. It would be really good to have some clarity on where things stand, particularly because the Conservative Member of Parliament for Brecon and Radnorshire has muddied the waters by incorrectly claiming that it is the Welsh Government that needs to give it the green light, whereas my understanding is that the hold-up is because the UK Government has not made a decision between the Powys site and the rival Siemens site in Scunthorpe. 

Llywydd, can I take this opportunity to thank Joyce Watson for the incredible work that she does, year after year, in terms of the White Ribbon campaign and in terms of being a voice for women and girls who are experiencing or are in danger of experiencing violence? I think that she's an inspiration to all of us, and I'm really grateful to Joyce for the vigil that she organised yesterday. It was an online vigil, but no less powerful for it, and also the event that I attended in the morning, which was specifically focused on women and girls facing domestic violence in rural communities, whose voices aren't always heard and who often find it more difficult to reach out for the help that they need. So, I thought that was an incredibly powerful event.

The Deputy Minister and Chief Whip will be issuing a statement tomorrow that announces the publication of the national advisers' plan, and their priorities over the next year include embedding a public health approach to violence against women, domestic abuse and sexual violence and also working with the honour-based abuse leadership group as two of the things that they'll be focusing on over the next 12 months.

In terms of the Global Centre of Rail Excellence, it was, of course, the Welsh Government that developed the innovative proposals for the Global Centre of Rail Excellence after identifying the need for such a facility, and we've shown the leadership that was required to bring it to this point. It's very much a made-in-Wales initiative, creating the new facility for the entire UK rail industry, and we intend it to be an attraction for jobs, skills and growth in the area. It is the case that in early July we submitted a business case to the UK Government outlining the next steps to make that centre a reality, and we do await formal endorsement by the UK Government of the business case, and, clearly, we hope for a positive announcement on that in the comprehensive spending review tomorrow.

Business Minister, could I please ask for a statement from the education Minister clarifying the Welsh Government's position on keeping children in schools as much as possible right up until the end of this term? It was encouraging to hear the First Minister share my concerns over year groups in some schools in some authorities being arguably off unnecessarily because of not using the track and trace system properly. I'm just wondering how—within that statement, if it could be incorporated—this Government intends to work with our schools and local authorities to ensure that there is consistency across Wales in our schools' approach to the coronavirus.

Also, the First Minister mentioned lateral flow tests, if that could be also incorporated within the statement, timescales, amounts, that sort of thing. And lastly, Llywydd, also, I've been hearing that some schools in south-east Wales may now be closing a week early this Christmas term, so I'm just wondering if the Government can provide some clarity on that, because, from the understanding I have, schools were wanting to close a week early because that would mean a two-week isolation period for Christmas Eve, obviously. So, I was just wondering if it could provide some clarity on that and what the actual Government position is, considering that it is the Government's priority to keep our children in school as much as possible. Thank you.

Thank you to Laura Anne Jones for raising that important issue. The Minister for Education does have questions in the Chamber tomorrow, so that might be an opportunity to explore some of this in more detail, but, alongside that, I will ask her to write to you with some further information about the plan for testing children in school, and also the advice that is being provided to schools specifically in terms of sending children home for self-isolation and so forth, and also the kind of thinking that's going on in terms of the approach to Christmas and ensuring that we keep children and their families as safe as we possibly can.

Minister, I'm asking for a debate to be held urgently on the end of the Brexit transition period and what it means specifically for Welsh ports. We're now at the eleventh hour, and warnings raised by myself and others around the lack of preparation in Holyhead are sounding with ever louder urgency. Now, with the need for customs declarations and checks on outbound freight from 1 January, there still hasn't been, I understand, a trial run of the new electronic customs system that's to be used. The Minister will have read about concerns expressed today by Irish hauliers about mayhem at the port. I've spoken to Nick Bosanquet, professor of health policy at Imperial College, who's worried that ports delays could even increase the COVID risk.

Now, yesterday the Irish Taoiseach visited the pretty impressive infrastructure that's been developed at Dublin port. There's nothing in Holyhead for when those checks are needed in July next year on inbound freight. A site in Warrington has been identified for Holyhead's imported goods checkpoint, at least temporarily. You couldn't make it up. That site clearly has to be in or near Holyhead. Now, UK Government has messed up royally here, but we also need to hear exactly what else Welsh Government has tried, and is trying to do, to salvage things, given that Welsh Government is responsible for developing a border point in the south-west of Wales, and UK Government for the one relating to Holyhead. Now, my fear, as I've warned time and time again, is that anything that affects the free flow of trade through Holyhead will undermine the ports and undermine jobs related to the ports, so can we please bring all these issues before the Senedd again, at this late hour even, so we can hammer home just what's at stake?

Thank you to Rhun ap Iorwerth for raising what are serious and significant concerns. I will make a point of speaking to the Minister for Economy and Transport about your request for that urgent statement. If that's not able to be accommodated in the very near future, I will certainly ask him to write to you on those issues in the meantime.

I wish to request a statement from the Welsh Government on the planning process, timescales and approach towards a limited and phased restart strategy for performance and arts venues across Wales, but to note that scientific research and critical safe operating mitigating frameworks are now in place across the UK and internationally, that we in Wales have opened and are operating cinemas and bingo halls, that safe rehearsal of orchestra and opera is operating across Wales, and that English venues' restart has been now announced and that some smaller venues, theatres and arts centres are now ready to volunteer as pilots to be able to open safely now with similar appropriate strict mitigations in place. So, Minister, these smaller venues are not only critical to well-being for our communities in terms of engagement and participation, but, if they don't open soon, they may have to close, and many cannot claim now from the COVID-19 economic resilience fund. So, can this Welsh Government statement set out a clear pathway forward for the sector and outline the measures to support our arts and performance venues so they can open in a planned, limited and safe manner, as clearly advised by the live music report to the Culture, Welsh Language and Communications Committee for Welsh Government response? Thank you.

Again, thank you to Rhianon Passmore for raising this issue this afternoon. I know that she's had the opportunity to make those strong representations on behalf of smaller venues in particular directly to the Minister for Welsh Language, Well-being and Mental Health earlier on today. It is the case, certainly in terms of the test events—and I appreciate that these are probably larger events than those that Rhianon Passmore is thinking about—that they wouldn't be resuming until February at the earliest, but I do appreciate that we're probably talking in this case about smaller venues. I'll be sure again to make sure that the Minister does consider that and updates you appropriately.

I thank the Trefnydd. There will now be a break to allow changeovers in the Siambr. So, a short break.

So, we reconvene on item 4 on the agenda, which is a statement by the Minister for Health and Social Services: update on special measures arrangements at Besti Cadwaladr University Health Board. And I call on the Minister for Health and Social Services, Vaughan Gething.

Thank you, Deputy Presiding Officer. Members will be aware that health boards and trusts in Wales have their escalation and intervention status considered as part of our joint escalation and intervention arrangements. This involves Welsh Government officials meeting with Audit Wales and Healthcare Inspectorate Wales twice a year to discuss the overall position of NHS Wales organisations in respect of quality, service performance and financial management. A wide range of information and intelligence is considered to identify any issues to inform their assessment and advice to me as the health Minister. There is also an opportunity to hold additional meetings, if the group deem it necessary.

At the last full tripartite meeting held in September, it was agreed to hold a further meeting before the end of the calendar year, specifically on Betsi Cadwaladr University Health Board. I am pleased to say that a special tripartite meeting took place earlier this month. The clear advice and recommendation to me was that the escalation status of the health board should change. I have accepted that advice. I have decided that Betsi Cadwaladr University Health Board will come out of special measures with immediate effect. The escalation status of the health board has now moved to targeted intervention.

The tripartite group reviewed further evidence submitted by the health board that demonstrated progress over recent years, including on the areas that had originally been designated as special measures concerns. The group noted that the health board has demonstrated improved engagement with partners, particularly during the current pandemic. It also recognised the level of insight shown by the health board into the challenges that it still faces, together with the determination demonstrated by the board and the incoming chief executive to make further progress.

The tripartite group noted the detrimental impact the special measures designation was having on the health board’s ability to recruit and retain staff, particularly at senior level. This has led to a number of the executive director roles currently being filled on an interim basis. This is, obviously, not helpful for the health board in moving forward. Special measures was also having an impact on the health board’s ability to make the necessary further progress.

There continue to be concerns on some aspects of performance, particularly in mental health services and the ability of the health board to prepare an approvable medium-term plan. Going forward, to provide the clarity and assurance of the necessary focus, a maturity matrix approach will be used, similar to the processes that have been in place in Cwm Taf Morgannwg University Health Board.

On 3 November, I announced a package of support for the health board. This support amounts to a further £82 million per year over three and a half years to support the health board as it enters a new phase under targeted intervention, and continues its ongoing work to improve. The chair of the health board has already responded outlining how this support will be utilised to improve unscheduled care, to build sustainable planned care, including orthopaedics, to deliver improvements in mental health services and, of course, to benefit the health of the population of north Wales.

It should be remembered that targeted intervention is still a heightened level of escalation. This requires significant action on the part of the organisation, and will be accompanied by a level of continued oversight from my officials. However, the move out of special measures marks an undeniably positive step forward for the staff of the health board who have made and sustained the progress to end special measures. This is also of course a positive step forward for every community in north Wales that is served by the health board.

I hope that Members across the Senedd will join me in congratulating staff at the health board as they move into the next phase of their improvement journey.

Can I take the opportunity to put on record the thanks of everybody on the Welsh Conservative benches to those front-line members of NHS staff in north Wales who've been working so hard, particularly during this pandemic?

It's a great shame, Minister, that you didn't have the courtesy to brief any Members on opposition benches today about your decision, and in fact, you even gave the great discourtesy of not even sharing your statement until a moment before it was actually read from your lips. The reality is that today's announcement appears to have more to do with the prospects of the Labour Party in north Wales at next year's Senedd elections than it does with any evidence of real improvement on the ground in north Wales. Your decision to remove special measures cannot be justified and you cannot fool or hoodwink the people of north Wales into thinking that everything is hunky-dory. Your description of improvement bears absolutely no resemblance to the reality of patient experiences across the region.

Let's look at the facts. The Betsi Cadwaladr University Health Board was in its sixth year of special measures. In that time, it's had a revolving door in terms of its senior leadership team, with a number of chief executives, a number of finance directors, and a number of directors of mental health. In fact, the current director of mental health departs his role at the end of this month, another notch on Betsi's bedpost.

Since 2015, A&E performance has gotten worse, waiting lists and waiting times have deteriorated and gotten longer, and the financial position of the health board has also deteriorated. The recent figures show that Betsi still has the worst emergency department performance in the whole of Wales, with one in 10 people waiting more than 12 hours before they're able to be discharged after arriving in A&E, and over half, almost half the population who turn up not being able to be released within four hours.

We know that GP services are still fragile in the region, with more managed practices than any other health board area in Wales. And, of course, we now know that dentistry services are fragile across north Wales as well, with 20,000 patients being given notice that their NHS services are going to stop early next year. This is not a health board that is fit to come out of the special measures arrangements. 

You referred to a number of reasons when this health board was put into special measures, and governance, leadership and oversight was one. We know that there are still weaknesses there because there's been a recent outbreak of coronavirus in two of the hospitals in north Wales, none of which came to light because of the situation in the health board, but because local Members of the Senedd had written raising concerns.

Mental health services are still not out of the woods. In spite of the promises of new, shiny buildings, the culture in those departments is still the same. We've got 1,600 patients who, earlier this year, were discharged from services without their knowledge, or being made aware. Bed capacity is still a huge problem. Child and adolescent and mental health services are still not adequate, with patients still being sent hundreds of miles for in-patient treatment. And a quarter—a quarter—of all mental health safety incidents in the Welsh NHS are incidents in the Betsi Cadwaladr University Health Board. This is not a health board that is fit to come out of special measures.

Just a few weeks ago, last month, you said that there were still big challenges in north Wales. Just a few weeks ago, you said, and I quote,

'Specifically, the group wanted some further assurance from the health board in respect of progress in mental health services.'

This is just a few weeks ago. Now, either this really is the most miraculous recovery since Lazarus was raised from the dead or you're trying to hoodwink the people of north Wales into thinking that services are better, when the reality is that they're not.

So I ask you, Minister, how can you justify your position given that many of the issues on that original list—and I quote one, for example: reconnecting with the public and regaining the public confidence. That's one of the reasons it was put into special measures. I can tell you what, the public in north Wales have no confidence whatsoever in your ability to improve their services. They've only seen them deteriorate, as I've just pointed out to you, in terms of some of those facts on the ground. So how can you say that that item has been dealt with?

How can you say, when there are so many GP services that are fragile, and so many health board intervened and managed services, that the concerns about GP and primary care services have been dealt with, especially with the looming crisis now in dentistry care as well? And how on earth can you say that governance has been addressed when the health board itself didn't know the rate of hospital-acquired infections in relation to COVID until I pointed it out to them? And how on earth can you say that mental health services are better when, frankly, they're just as bad now as they were back in 2015?

Well, it's disappointing, but perhaps not unusual, to have a predictably unreasonable response from Mr Millar. The refusal to give any credit to staff for progress made over the last few years that has led to special measures being lifted is unfortunate. In particular, I remind Members, both in this Chamber but also externally, of not just the progress that has been assured by the tripartite process, which I'll come back to, but in particular the response to the pandemic, a once-in-a-century healthcare crisis. I think that Betsi Cadwaladr and its staff deserve huge credit for the response. It would be unusual to say that there has been a first-class response to the pandemic and yet the organisation must remain in special measures, because that would suit the perspective of Mr Millar.

When it simply comes to the basis for this organisation to come out of special measures, I referred to it very plainly and clearly in the statement, just as we have done on previous occasions when referring to special measures updates about the advice from the objective tripartite advisory process. The chief executive of NHS Wales, together with Welsh Government officials, Healthcare Inspectorate Wales and Audit Wales, provide advice to me as the Minister. Their clear advice was that this is no longer a special measures organisation. And I should say that the NHS Wales chief executive, Healthcare Inspectorate Wales and Audit Wales do not make choices on their advice to me on the basis of party politics. The suggestion from Mr Millar to the contrary is a slur on their integrity and a matter that he should withdraw and reconsider.

The tripartite advice is the advice; it is my decision. Targeted intervention is not a free pass; more progress is required, as I have made plain. I think reasonable people will recognise that, but they will also recognise that this is a positive day for healthcare in north Wales, a real credit to the staff of the health board, and I look forward to further progress being made.

Diolch, Weinidog. Thank you for a statement that confirms that Betsi Cadwaladr is staying at a level of intervention for another period at the hands of Welsh Government, which has failed in five and a half years to turn around the problems that put it in special measures.

I always praise the front-line staff in the NHS, in the north of Wales, as I do in the rest of Wales. Their response to this pandemic has been second to none. I'm proud to know many of them, and I'm proud of the work that each one of them has done, tirelessly. Your invitation for us to praise them specifically for bringing the board out of special measures, are you saying that they didn't do their bit to bring the board out of special measures over the past five and a half years? What I've seen is the Welsh Government failing to take the adequate steps, and steps that you could have taken previously. The statement, to me, basically says, 'You know what? We can't make progress, it seems, whilst we are in special measures.' Has it really taken you five and a half years to get to that point?

And how did you reach this point in a matter of weeks? We're now—where are we? 24 November. You told us on 7 October that there were big problems that needed to be faced still, in mental health in particular. But it's not today that you're deciding; apparently earlier this month, by that point, the tripartite meeting had told you, 'All is good'. So, in a matter of three or four weeks things had been turned around. And that, to me, seems very, very odd.

You say that special measures were having an impact on the health board's ability to recruit and retain staff. Again, are you only just realising that now, after an extended period of jobs being unable to be filled, both on the clinical side as well as on the management side? Are you only now realising that special measures are affecting negatively the ability that we have to attract the best people to work in health in the north of Wales?

Of course, on one level, I'm pleased to see a moving forward from special measures to another level of intervention. But I'm still of the opinion, as are many patients and staff members within Betsi Cadwaladr, that the north of Wales needs a fresh start. It has taken too long to get to this point and there is very little faith in how we are going to get to the next point, where we can really say that we have, in the north of Wales, a health service that works and that is designed in a way that staff and patients deserve. We need new health boards for the north of Wales, a fresh start, and today does not convince me that the Welsh Government has a handle on the real problems, not least in mental health, which was at the root of putting the board into special measures in the first place, to the extent that I can say that the problem is anywhere near resolved.

Thank you for the questions and the comments. I particularly welcome the recognition from the Member that the pandemic response from staff and organisations in north Wales has been second to none. It has been a very positive and impressive response. And, again, that underpins an organisation where others would have been concerned about the ability of the organisation to work effectively in the face of a once-in-a-century pandemic, and yet, actually, they have risen to the challenge significantly, with not just the creation of the rainbow hospitals, but the way they've worked across their whole healthcare system. And I think it should give more people more confidence for the rest of the unfinished pandemic that we are all still facing. 

And, again, to go back to the point about the advice that is given and the assurance from the previous update I gave from the regular tripartite meeting, at that meeting, in the discussion around north Wales, they recognised that further progress had been made and they asked for a further meeting because they sought further assurance on areas of progress. They've considered the extra information that has been provided, and that group of people—the chief exec of NHS Wales, Healthcare Inspectorate Wales and Audit Wales—have given clear advice that Betsi Cadwaladr should move out of special measures, and that is the basis for my decision.

I don't think it's difficult or complicated to understand, and, of course, other people are entitled to say that they reject the advice of Healthcare Inspectorate Wales, Audit Wales and the chief executive of NHS Wales. They're entitled to say that, and I think people are entitled to judge whether they think that is the right thing to do, for me to base my choice on, as a Minister, or for rather more partisan reasons not to change the status of the organisation, but to keep it in special measures when the clear objective advice is that it is no longer the right thing to do for the organisation and the people it serves.

I recognise that—. The Member has a clear view that he has set out on more than one occasion, that he believes a reorganisation with more than one health board in north Wales will provide a better future. That is not a view I share. I think the loss of focus, the money you'd spend, the upheaval, would have a real cost within it and you'd then have to remake all those partner arrangements that have definitely moved forward over the last few months and the last few years. So, I don't share his view, but I recognise he's perfectly entitled to put it to people. Members will decide, but as I say, this is an undeniably positive step forward for all the staff of the health board and indeed for every community in north Wales that is served by Betsi Cadwaladr University Health Board.

Thank you, Minister, for your statement. I massively welcome the significant investment and the news today that the health board is now out of special measures. I do still, however, have some concerns that I'd like to raise today, and I'd be grateful for your comments on those. I am still concerned particularly about mental health services and I'd welcome your thoughts on how the service is improving. Secondly, can you also outline how you feel the health board is performing with regard to elective surgery? And finally, parts of Alyn and Deeside in particular do need better GP provision; particularly places like Saltney are underserved. So how confident are you, Minister, that the health board will properly address this? And if I may, in closing, Deputy Llywydd, can I put on record my thanks to all the staff across north Wales in the NHS, and across the whole of Wales, not for just what they're doing now and continue to do, but for what they always have done in supporting us through the healthcare system in Wales? Thank you.

I'd like to thank the Member for the three specific areas of questions. I'll deal with them in reverse order. On general practice, and Saltney that he mentioned in particular, there's good news in that every scheme in north Wales for GP training has recruited or over-recruited to its capacity, so we're attracting people to work right across the whole country. It's good news for the whole of Wales, including north Wales. We did have some particular challenges at the start of our work on ‘Train. Work. Live.’ to get people to take up the training places in north Wales. We're now in a position where we've got this surplus, which is a really good position to be in in terms of our normal places, but we want to keep all of those people that do their training in north Wales, because we do want to see people seeing north Wales as an attractive place to train, work and live. And if the Member wants a specific conversation on Saltney or other areas in his constituency, then I can happily arrange that both with the health board and/or myself, and I'll look forward to hearing from his office further to see how he wants to take that forward.

On elective capacity, as with the whole of Wales, there has been a particular challenge. North Wales has a bigger challenge than other parts of Wales on elective and planned care, partly because of the way in which normal healthcare takes place, and he will know this, having a border constituency. A number of people are used to, as part of their healthcare, travelling over the border. In the future, we can be confident that the English system will have a huge catch-up in terms of its elective capacity as well. We're unlikely to see lots of planned care capacity within the English system. That's why the orthopaedic challenge that I set out and the funding we're providing is even more important, to have a more sustained position for planned surgery—orthopaedic and others—within north Wales as far as possible, as well as the conversation we need to have about regular healthcare across the border.

And on mental health, there is a particular concern that I've highlighted in my statement—again, because there has been progress on mental health, but there's definitely more to go. And so the 'Together for Mental Health in North Wales' strategy that has been designed with service users in north Wales—it's really important to see that transformation continue, and that will be a particular concern that we'll be looking for further reassurance and progress on in the targeted intervention arrangements that are in place. So, I want to reassure the Member and everyone else watching that mental health is very much in our minds—again, about the unfinished improvement journey that is still required. But undeniably, mental health services in north Wales are in a better place now than when the organisation was placed into special measures five years ago.

Betsi Cadwaladr, according to you, is now out of special measures. Okay. I agree exactly with what Rhun and Darren have said, but we will see going down the line how it works out, and my contribution today will still stand. I've had a look, Minister, at my previous statement when it was in special measures, and my responses, and they're all along the same lines. So, I could, if I wanted to, basically present exactly the same speech I gave in June 2019. However, considering the year that we've all had, where the NHS and associated services are very much on the front line, I feel it more appropriate to be as constructive as possible.

Firstly, I'd like to place on record my thanks to all of those in the NHS who have contributed to keeping services going in the face of fear, pressure, illness and death. It does appear that we are winning the COVID battle. As world case numbers have risen over the last couple of months, deaths have not risen relative to those numbers. Minister, I can only imagine how massive the weight is on your shoulders. The fact that you are still standing is testimony to your own tenacity. While any party in opposition can differ as to the approach taken, I doubt anybody in this Chamber would actually swap places with you—at least during 2020. We know that Betsi Cadwaladr has been in special measures for a record amount of time and, as I said, fingers crossed that your approach now works. And the increased funding from last month was very, very welcome.

In your estimation, Minister, what difference does being in special measures make to the level of service afforded to our constituents, and how will it change now? What I'm trying to tease out is whether special measures meant longer waiting times, more difficulty in getting a GP appointment and harder-to-access dental services? Because it seems to me that, in our COVID-recovery world, every citizen in Wales will have difficulty in all of these areas due to the impact of the pandemic. Having asked that question, I must put on record that I, for one, am sick of the health service being used as a political football, as it continues to be. I think we've all realised that health is more important than anything else. We know that the health service takes up over 50 per cent of the budget allocation for all of the devolved services, and the COVID response across the UK has been driven by the NHS—its capacity, its funding—at the expense, it seems, of every other area of civil society.

I mentioned in my remarks to your statement on strategic support for Betsi Cadwaladr that a fundamentally different approach might be needed to solve what I see as a structural problem with the north Wales health board. It is the largest in Wales, so perhaps that needs to be looked at—the structure. Perhaps it's time for the health service to stop being that political football. It is now time to consider what sort of cross-party commission can take responsibility for the health of the nation and the Welsh NHS. There is, after all, no monopoly on good ideas and collective political responsibility, and an element of consensus has got to be better than the type of debate that we have had, or that we will have today. Thank you, Minister.

Thank you for the comments and questions. I should say, in terms of your final point, that of course we did start this Assembly term, as it was then, now a Senedd term, with a parliamentary review. The UKIP group at the time supported the creation of that group and, indeed, the membership of it as well. So, we had an independent group of experts who came up with a report on the significant challenges we faced and ideas about the future for health and social care, and that has led to 'A Healthier Wales', which is our long-term plan for health and social care.

So, we're trying to undertake the transformation that we were plainly and clearly advised would need to happen, and that involves both some concentration of specialist services within hospitals, as well as a further move to more services being provided in the community. And that move around and reform for a purpose in healthcare is really important, together with the deliberate steps that we know we need to take to create a more integrated health and social care system. That's why we've provided updates on the transformation fund and building that new service. And actually the pandemic has reinforced the need to do that. It's also reinforced the progress we have already made in improving relationships between health and social care.

Again, I recognise the point the Member makes about the potential to reorganise healthcare in north Wales. I don't think that achieving the vision in 'A Healthier Wales' requires a reorganisation of the health board in north Wales, but it's a view that Members are entitled to have. It's not one that I share, but I'm looking for the results and the progress that we are looking to make. I hope the Member will see that in the action, because she started off by welcoming the move and recognising that she'll want to see the results on the ground, and as someone who lives in north Wales, that's an entirely reasonable place to be.

When it comes to special measures, the reason for going into special measures was—. Our assessment on the delivery, the quality and the sustained status of special measures was about our assessment on the progress that the organisation had made against those challenges, but also the confidence for the future about sustaining improvement. Because I have regularly reported that some improvement has been made, but it's the confidence about that being sustained and continued in the future. We are now at a point today where, with the tripartite advice, they themselves have confidence that this is no longer the right place for the organisation. That's why I've moved it out of special measures, based upon that clear and objective advice.

There will continue to be an extra focus and scrutiny of the health board in targeted intervention. I have already announced the financial support that will go with that as well to help them in their improvement journey. I think that it's a good thing for everybody who lives in north Wales that the health board is now in this position to move out of special measures, and I hope that people see it in those terms. Finally, I'd like to thank the Member for her kind words about the reality of dealing with the pandemic. There are many more difficult days ahead for all of us.  

Thank you, Minister, for your statement. Ordinarily, of course, I would have been extremely delighted to learn that you were bringing the Betsi Cadwaladr health board out of special measures. Indeed, in a north Wales meeting recently with MSs and MPs, the chairman himself was looking forward to being taken out of special measures because, as has been rightly pointed out here today, recruitment—you know, it's almost like a toxic brand now, isn't it, the Betsi board, which is really sad. But, I would like to put on record and endorse the comments by my colleague Darren Millar, who expressively said of his thanks, his gratitude, his appreciation to everybody working in the NHS in the Betsi Cadwaladr health board across all levels, not only for their work under the tensions of special measures, but also their heroic efforts during the COVID-19 pandemic. So, again, for you to dismiss that, Minister, was pretty low.

Now, this health board has been in special measures longer than any other health board in Britain. Since June 2015, nearly £100 million has been spent by the Welsh Government under your directorship on intervention and improvement support, which simply hasn't materialised. Now, £1.7 million was spent on securing sustainable musculoskeletal and orthopaedic services last year. Yet, earlier this month, you announced £30 million to improve unscheduled care and to build a sustainable planned care programme, including for orthopaedics. Now, while I fully understand and appreciate that the crisis in orthopaedics has worsened as a result of COVID-19, how is it that we still do not have a sustainable plan after the £1.7 million investment?

Only a few weeks ago, you mentioned some of the challenges facing us. Well, I can tell you that, on 3 November of this year, which is actually 15 working days, you stated that a number of actions were required on the need to further improve leadership and governance: that you needed to develop a long-term integrated clinical services strategy, that we needed further strengthening in leadership capacity within mental health to enhance stability and resilience, that the development of a robust three-year financial plan was needed to meet financial duties as part of the integrated medium-term plan, that there was a need to finalise and implement a revised accountability and performance framework, and that there was a need to deliver improvements in performance, particularly in the acute sector. That was—   

Can you wind up please?

—on 3 November, Deputy Llywydd. So, how have you, in 15 days, managed to overcome all of those things that needed improving? Now, given that you are pulling the health board out of special measures—

Can you wind up, please? 

Yes, I am doing—

You have had well over your minute.

So have many other Members.

Excuse me. I decide who asks what and I'm asking you to wind up, please.

Okay, I am doing that. Can you confirm that the health board has addressed all of those areas? And will you promise this Chamber that this move today isn't politically motivated, is in the general interests of the patients of north Wales, and not in the interests—

No. I'm sorry. Thank you. The Minister to respond. Before you do, can I just remind subsequent Members of parties that they have one minute, and that your business managers should enforce that for you for the safe running of this Chamber? Minister.

Thank you, Deputy Presiding Officer. I will deal with the specific points, and then I will come back to the accusation at the end. It's worth pointing out for—. I think that there's an element of misunderstanding in terms of the comments about the musculoskeletal service and its link with orthopaedics. This was actually north Wales that took a lead in the 'physio first' approach and looked at having an approach that rolled out and actually lessened the demand within the orthopaedic service. Where planned, elective operations were then required, it's been good news, and actually, north Wales have led on some of that work and the rest of Wales has benefited from that experience. So, in investing around that service, we have avoided the need for some operations that were unnecessary, and it's also about helping people to manage if they do still nevertheless need to have an operation in the future.

However, the orthopaedic plan that I've referenced, that is about investment for the continuing need for a range of people to nevertheless have surgery. So, this is about how we have a plan that all the centres in north Wales buy into, because at the start of this year I received comments from Members in different parties who had talked to clinicians in different parts of north Wales, who all had a competing plan that they wanted to promote. We're now in a position where we have got some unity in the clinical group. They're prepared to sign up to a common plan, and this is about getting behind that plan. It will not just be about how we make the service more efficient; it will require some capital investment, too, along the way, I think. So, I'm looking forward to a finalised, unified business case that allows us to help north Wales to move on with an orthopaedic plan to deal with the real nature of the need and demand. The musculoskeletal service that's been invested in is a really good example of north Wales taking a lead and looking at how it positively reforms its service.

And then the broader accusations that have been made. I know the Member started by saying that she would 'ordinarily' be 'extremely delighted' with progress out of special measures, and I think there is an issue here that I don't think won't just be recognised within this Chamber, but outside as well, about the refusal to acknowledge good news and progress here. The direct accusation made by the first Conservative speaker was that this was somehow an exercise in straight party politics. That is not the way that the chief exec of NHS Wales gives advice. That is not the way that Healthcare Inspectorate Wales or Audit Wales provide their advice—through the tripartite escalation and intervention arrangements. And Members in this Chamber know that very well. The suggestion otherwise, that this is really nothing more than an exercise in party politics, does not reflect well on any of the Conservative Members who have tried to do so. This is my decision on the basis of clear advice. I'm very pleased to have made this choice, and welcome the progress being made in north Wales.

I have nothing but praise for the heroic, hard-working medical staff working in our north Wales hospitals. Concerns lie elsewhere. In January, the north Wales community health council wrote to you, attaching the independent review of psychological therapies in north Wales, which described the service failing in many areas, and stating that after nearly five years in special measures, much of it related to mental health issues, these findings are deeply disappointing. North Wales community health council does not recognise the picture painted in the special measures improvement framework report. This is not reflected in our complaints and advocacy caseload or the reports of the community health council visiting teams. Last Friday, they announced that they will be hosting a series of events on Zoom, inviting NHS staff, patients, carers and families to talk about mental health services. As they said,

'It is vital that we present the experiences and suggestions of all those who use mental health services to those who make decisions and policies.'

Today, Betsi Cadwaladr University Health Board stated that they will consider arrangements for the leadership of mental health and learning disabilities with their incoming chief executive Jo Whitehead when she takes up her post in the new year. Why aren't you waiting for these things to happen, putting patients before politics, rather than leaping into the dark?

This decision today puts patients before politics in making what is always a difficult choice, but a choice that is driven by the very clear advice we have had in the tripartite process. I recognise that Conservative speakers are predetermined not to accept or recognise this good faith decision. That is a matter for them, and people watching will make their own judgments about whether they should trust the views of north Wales Conservative politicians, or the clear, objective advice from the chief exec of NHS Wales, Audit Wales and Healthcare Inspectorate Wales that underpins my decision to lift Betsi out of special measures.FootnoteLink

Thank you very much, Minister.

Item 5 on the agenda is the statement by the Minister for Economy, Transport and North Wales on taxi and private hire vehicle reform. I call on the Minister for Economy, Transport and North Wales—Ken Skates.

Dirprwy Llywydd, I would first of all like to recognise the vitally important role that the taxi and private hire vehicle industry is playing during the COVID pandemic. Many have continued to work throughout and have provided transportation for key workers, as well as obviously providing services that have enabled the delivery of vital goods, food and medical supplies. We acknowledge that this is a financially difficult time for the industry, with restrictions meaning usual customer demand is extraordinarily low.

Last week, I met with trade unions who updated me on the current challenges faced by the taxi and private hire vehicle industry due to the pandemic. We've endeavoured to provide assistance throughout this period where possible. In addition to the UK Government's financial support schemes, I've made available funding through phase 3 of our £200 million economic resilience fund, which includes a £25 million lockdown discretionary grant scheme administered by local authorities.

A number of the taxi and private higher vehicle industries have already benefited from the lockdown business fund and also the discretionary assistance fund. In addition, I can say that officials are urgently exploring options to provide high-quality PPE to assist the industry in protecting themselves and their passengers from COVID-19. We've also set up a dedicated page on our website to provide advice to the industry on ways to reduce the transmission of coronavirus and the available financial support.

Officials, Dirprwy Llywydd, are currently developing a number of pilot schemes with local authorities that will allow drivers to try zero-emission vehicles before they buy, so that they can better understand the potential financial and environmental benefits. And they're also exploring options for incentive schemes to assist those drivers interested in using these vehicles in the longer term.

Taxi and private hire vehicles are undoubtedly a vital form of public transport. They deliver a practical, direct transport solution and they provide an essential service to people living in rural communities where other forms of public transport may be insufficient or indeed absent; to the night-time economy, supporting many of our hospitality businesses; and, of course, to passengers with disabilities, as well as playing an important role in facilitating social inclusion. It is for these reasons that our Llwybr Newydd, the new Wales transport strategy, which was launched just last week, includes a supporting plan for taxis and private hire vehicles.

The current taxi and private hire vehicle legislation, though, is outdated, with the main framework dating back to 1847 and 1976. This framework has resulted in inconsistent policies, standards and licence conditions across local authorities in England and Wales. Taxi and private hire vehicle regulation, of course, is now a devolved matter under the Wales Act 2017. We currently have accountability, but until such time that we legislate, we are unable to mandate any change. Now, there are a number of problems associated with the current licensing legislation, which include safety concerns for both drivers and passengers, inconsistent licensing standards, which contribute to problems of cross-border hire, poor customer service and public confusion around vehicle types and fare structures. And the existing problems, I'm afraid, are going to continue to increase as the industry continues to evolve.

The UK Government first identified that reform was required back in 2011 when the Law Commission undertook a review of the current regime. And then, in addition, in 2018, a task and finish group reported recommendations for improving the taxi and private hire vehicle licensing regime. These reviews have created, I think it's fair to say, very high expectations with both regulators and the taxi and private hire vehicle industry that change will happen. However, apart from a few small amendments and the recent publication of the Department for Transport's statutory taxi and private hire vehicle standards, the UK Government has not actually reformed taxi legislation.

Since taxi and private hire vehicle regulation was devolved to Welsh Government, we have undertaken two major consultations. In response to the 'Improving public transport' White Paper, we recognised that there was general support for the proposals relating to national standards, to improved enforcement powers and information sharing. But, we also accepted, as a result of the consultation, that there was a strong feeling that the proposals did not go far enough to effectively address the current challenges faced by the industry and regulators.

So, in light of this, I made a commitment that the taxi and private hire vehicle proposals would be further developed and work has already begun on drafting policy proposals that build on the work undertaken in the White Paper. We focused these proposals around improving four areas: first of all, safety, secondly, equality, thirdly, environmental standards and then, fourthly, customer service. And we aim to introduce primary legislation that supports passengers as well as supporting the industry itself. New legislation is required to make taxis and private hire vehicles safe and part of an integrated transport system right across Wales and to professionalise the industry and ensure that drivers can make a decent, fair living. We seek to achieve this through developing and consulting upon new legislative proposals and will replace the confusing two-tier hackney carriage and private hire vehicle regimes with a single taxi regime.

We'll continue to work with local government to explore the merits of changes to licensing authorities where vehicles can operate nationally, except in restricted zones where there's evidence of oversupply, for example, here in Cardiff, and we'll create national licensing standards for drivers, vehicles and operators, with an emphasis on maximising public safety and professionalising the industry. In addition, enforcement powers will be increased and assisted by a national database and register.

As a starting point, ahead of legislative change, officials have undertaken work with the Welsh Local Government Association and representatives of local authorities right across Wales to identify areas of licensing policy that can be improved and made more consistent. This has resulted in agreement on a set of recommendations for taxi policy alignment. There are limitations to this work, as licensing policies vary greatly across Wales, and officials were mindful to ensure that adoption of the recommendations would not incur any significant cost to local authorities or, indeed, the industry ahead of broader legislative change. Nonetheless, these recommendations will be a stepping stone towards national licensing standards and the professionalisation of the industry, and I will keep Members updated on progress.

Minister, can I thank you for your statement today? I'm broadly in favour of the reforms and your approach, if they prove to be, of course, successful in terms of simplifying and modifying the taxi and private hire regulation systems. Generally, I'm not supportive of Welsh Government centralising powers away from local authorities, but in this regard, I think that there is a case for this, for a number of reasons, but many of which you pointed out in your statement yourself.

I wonder what feedback, both positive and negative, you did receive from local authorities, drivers, operators and passengers in terms of your proposals to centralise licensing in Wales. It would be useful to hear those views that you received. While the creation of the joint transport authority is preferred, you've gone further than the recommendation of the Law Commission and the task and finish group in consulting on introducing national standards. So, why have you chosen to go beyond the recommendations of the Law Commission and the task and finish group in this regard?

The Welsh Government's consultation paper proposed abolishing this distinction between hackney carriages and private hire vehicles, but this proposal appears to have been dropped. I'm given to understand that 45 per cent of respondents expressed a view that agreed with the Law Commission recommendations, saying that the distinction between hackney and private hire vehicles should be retained. The Law Commission also did not support the introduction of record-keeping requirements for taxi drivers, except in respect of taxis picking up passengers outside their licensing area. However, in principle, the Welsh Government supports the maintenance of accurate record keeping for taxi drivers, and I wonder why you have diverged from the Law Commission's view, and what practical difficulties you envisage in recording this data.

There's also the issue of taxi and private hire vehicles working along the border with England; you and I will be familiar with that, representing border constituencies. And the issues there are the same as why you want to take a centralised approach across Wales, which I also agree with, but then there is that border issue. So, I wonder if you could expand, in that regard, in terms of what discussions you've had with the UK Government and the Department for Transport.

And finally, I understand that you have proposed the setting of private hire licensing fees nationally but that taxi licensing fees will continue to be set locally. This was an unpopular proposal during the consultation process and there was a preference for local licensing authorities to be able to set fees for licensing taxis and private hire vehicles locally, but, in exercising the function, having due regard to guidance issued by the Welsh Government. I wonder what your response is in regards to this particular feedback.

Can I thank Russell George for his comments, his questions and say that I think his contribution points to the fact that there is general agreement across the Chamber that reform is required, that modernisation is required and that legislation is required? The framework currently is more than 150 years old; it was updated 44 years ago. It's high time that new legislation was introduced that recognises the age that we now live in, the new technologies that are being embraced and the different ways that people operate.

With regard to the proposals, they have generally been welcomed, and specifically with regard to national standards. I think they make sense and they address concerns that have been raised through the consultation process on the White Paper. Eliminating the two-tier system I think is necessary for Wales. Obviously, the situation might be different elsewhere. In London, there is a very different environment for hackney cabs to operate in, but, here in Wales, I think most people that we serve would struggle to identify the differences between hackney carriages and private hire vehicles, and having a one-tier system makes perfect sense for the passenger. It also makes perfect sense for the industry itself. We'd be able to then apply consistent sets of regimes across all forms of vehicles and services.

Of course, we'll need to address border issues between England and Wales. We're working very closely with the Department for Transport regarding this matter, and I'd agree with Russell George that there are many people who work on the English side of the border that bring people into Wales and vice versa. There are people who live in Wales who are registered as taxi drivers, private hire vehicle drivers, across the border in England, and, therefore, as part of the work on the legislation, we'll be liaising with the Department for Transport, and, indeed, local stakeholders across the border in England, to ensure that the introduction of legislation here in Wales is compatible with the operation of taxi and private hire vehicle services across the border.

And then in terms of the question of fees, I think it's essential that the fees regime is transparent, it's as consistent as possible, and that it is fair—that it doesn't lead to skewing of applications away from one particular area in favour of another area because the fees are lower, or, indeed, because the standards are lower. Many of the current problems that we see with the system as it operates right now concern those local authority discrepancies, those differences. The licensing requirements across Wales differ for various reasons, including the maximum age that a licensed vehicle can be, the frequency of vehicle testing, the vehicle testing standards, the driver knowledge tests and the driver medical standards, to name but a few different inconsistent approaches across Wales. Therefore, having consistency as much as possible across Wales makes perfect sense, especially for those areas where there is a significant amount of market activity, such as in Cardiff and Newport, also Swansea and in and around Wrexham as well.

I'd like to thank the Minister for his statement, and, as always, for the advanced copy, and to give him Plaid Cymru's overall support for the direction of travel of the statement. To make my opening remarks, I just would like to associate myself with what the Minister has said about the importance of taxis and private vehicles. There are some communities where they're the only form of public transport, actually, and people couldn't manage without them, and I know that many taxi and private hire vehicle providers have done extra work during the lockdown. I know the Drive taxi co-operative in Cardiff was picking up prescriptions and delivering food for people, and I know that was reflected across Wales.

I hope the Minister would agree with me that it's very important that he has the co-operation and support of the sector in order to be able to deliver the ambitions set out in his statement. He will, of course, be aware of the demonstation today, the trade union demonstration today—one of the signs referring to themselves, the taxi industry, as sometimes a forgotten trade, particularly through the pandemic. Now, the Minister has mentioned that there was financial support available through the economic resilience fund, lockdown business discretionary assistance fund, but I wonder if he can say a bit more about his perception of how much of that has actually reached people working in the taxi and private hire industry. There may be issues, for example, in terms of access to information. A lot of the people who work in the industry, for example, in Cardiff and Newport, are people from other countries who may not have English or Welsh as their first language; they may not know where to go to look for this kind of support. I welcome what the Minister said today about PPE for taxi drivers, but of course we know, for a lot of people who work in that sector, it is literally too late. This has been a sector where very many people who work in the sector have become ill, so can he please give us a timescale on that work around protective equipment? Because I think that's absolutely crucial for, as he said himself, those people to be able to work safely and for the safety, of course, of their passengers.

I firmly agree that legislation is needed, and, as the Minister has said, the current framework is very outdated. In my discussions with representatives of the sector, I think they do, overall, appreciate the need for reform, but there are some concerns. I'm not quite sure if I'd agree with the Minister when he says that people don't know the distinction between taxis and private hire vehicles. I know, for example, many women who will always use a taxi rather than a private hire vehicle because the perception, whether it's true or not, is that the standards of vetting mean that a taxi is a safer place for a woman to be if she's travelling alone. I have to say that it's something that I always recommend that my daughter does. So, there is a concern that, by removing the distinction between taxis and private hire vehicles—. Can the Minister assure me today that that's not going to lead to a reduction in standards, and that we're actually going to see the private hire vehicles raised up to the same standards as are required now of what we think of as proper taxis—that's probably not the right way to describe it—because we would certainly not want to see standards going down? So, I hope the Minister can say a bit more today about the justification for the single-tier changes. I think simplicity is clearly one of them, but can he be sure that standards will not be reduced?

Now, the idea of a national database and register is something that we would welcome in Plaid Cymru, and the strengthening of enforcement powers in the interests of public safety and standards is important. There are a minority of people working in this field who don't keep their vehicles clean, who don't meet the standards that we would expect, and that of course is bad for everybody who works in the industry. But I have had concerns put to me about the removal altogether of any local element. Local authorities surely need to know how many vehicles are on the road in their area, and if taxis and private hire vehicles are to form part of our overall public transport planning, we need to know where they are at a local level as well. In his response to Russell George, I think the Minister mentioned the risk of oversupply in certain areas, but I would also suggest to the Minister that there's also a risk of undersupply—that, if taxis are registered nationally, they will go to work where the work is, and that may mean that there are some communities that are left without a service. So, I wonder if the Minister can say a little bit more about how he intends to ensure that a service continues to be available nationwide. One advantage of registering county by county is that that's the county in which you have to work.

So, finally, to come to the zero-carbon issues, in the transport strategy last week you mentioned the need for a transition to zero-emission taxis, and I welcomed what you had to say about enabling people to try that out, but can you tell us a little bit more, Minister? I'd be grateful if you can say a bit more about the incentives scheme that's under consideration. Would it, for example, potentially provide support to enable drivers to be able to purchase zero-emissions vehicles, which are of course more expensive at present? Thank you.

Can I thank Helen Mary Jones for her contribution, which, as always, was extremely constructive? I'm very pleased to answer the questions that she raised.

I'll begin with that final question about the support that may be available for green taxis in the future. Of course, this is a pilot, first and foremost, that will enable taxi drivers, operators, to test green vehicles before they buy them. Ultra-low emission vehicle funding is going to be provided for a number of green taxi pilot schemes in this financial year. We are proposing that the pilots will take place in the Cardiff capital region, in Denbighshire, in Pembrokeshire and in Ceredigion, and then incorporate many of the priority areas that are included in the transforming towns initiative as well. So, we're trying to align quite a few policy areas in this regard.

Longer term schemes for incentivising the uptake of zero-emission taxis and vehicles are going to be investigated, such as options for grants, options for improving the terms of leasing schemes, but it's going to depend very much on the evaluation of the pilots, and, of course, I have to say that the degree to which we're able to offer support will depend on the availability of financial resource. But I am excited by this particular area of work, and I think that those pilot schemes can offer some valuable information and intelligence that will then shape the scale of the intervention that's required.

I'd agree entirely with Helen Mary Jones that many people rely incredibly heavily on taxis and private hire vehicles, particularly people who either don't have access to other forms of public transport in, for example, rural areas, and also, crucially, people who face disabling barriers in society. And yet also, alongside this, we know that, in some local authority areas, there are as few as 5 per cent of taxis and private hire vehicles that can accommodate wheelchair users. And often, we know from the reports back that have been commissioned by Welsh Government, people who face disabling barriers in society often face additional challenges in terms of being overcharged, and the customer service experience can sometimes not be what we would certainly expect. And so there are many barriers that we have to either bring down or overcome in order to make sure that the taxi and private hire vehicle industry is meeting the needs of disabled people. 

In terms of the sector itself and our engagement, as I said a little earlier, I met with the Wales TUC, with Unite, with the GMB last week to discuss the challenges that taxi drivers are facing right now during the pandemic. And, as a result of that meeting, I asked for a number of pieces of urgent work to be undertaken—one to gather the data concerning the third phase of the economic resilience fund, because the third phase was developed very much with taxi drivers in mind. That's why we developed that £25 million discretionary grant element. And so I've asked for feedback from local authorities as to how many grants have been applied for by taxi drivers, and for the unions themselves to ensure that their members are getting information about the various support schemes that are on offer—those discretionary schemes, the discretionary assistance fund scheme, for example, the self-employment support scheme, which is still not being accessed by thousands and thousands of self-employed people in Wales. So that data is going to be gathered. I've also asked for various other pieces of work to be undertaken, including of course how we may be able to supply valuable PPE to taxi drivers. The big challenge in regard to PPE is not so much how we go about securing sufficient PPE for the industry and drivers, but actually how we make sure we get it to the drivers—how they're receiving that PPE, that it's being utilised by taxi operators.

And it's an interesting point that Helen Mary Jones makes about the difference and the distinction between private hire vehicles and taxis. I think Helen Mary Jones makes an important point—that some people will obviously know what the distinctions are and that standards for taxis are considered higher than for private hire vehicles, and in particular around public safety. There are serious concerns that flow from some of the reports that were commissioned regarding the way that certain people have been treated. For example, both the Jay and the Casey reports on child sex exploitation in Rotherham highlighted that there were examples of taxi drivers being directly linked with children that were being abused, including instances where children were picked up from schools, children's homes or from family homes and abused or sexually exploited in exchange for free taxi rides. And so I can assure Helen Mary Jones and every Member today that the standards are only going to go one way—they will be improved. And that is absolutely essential in the interests of public safety, especially for the most vulnerable people in our society. 

Helen Mary Jones also raised the question about the national database and national standards. I think it's absolutely vital that standards are maintained at the highest possible level on a national basis so that we don't get the sort of cross-border issues that we experience now. And I think there will be a very strong local element to the operation of the regime as we propose it, particularly at a local authority but also at a corporate joint committee level. And local authorities are fully engaged in our consultations and in shaping the legislation, and of course they've been fully involved. They've been co-writing the recommendations, those quick wins that I outlined. And I think that, in terms of maintaining taxi and private hire operations in rural areas, well there is of course already, right now, some market failure in many parts of rural Wales, and that's why community transport schemes have proven to be so important in those areas. And we will go on with our commitment to community transport in rural areas as a vital means of enabling people to access work and access vital services.

I very much welcome the statement from the Minister this afternoon and welcome very much the proposals that he's discussing for reform of the sector. I think many people are looking forward to this, and I know that many taxi drivers want to see that sort of certainty as well—they want the framework within which they can plan their businesses over the coming years.

This has been an enormously difficult year for taxi drivers. It's been an enormously difficult year for the whole industry, and we’ve seen many people walk away from it because they simply cannot afford to carry on through this pandemic. I very much welcome what you said, Minister, about the discretionary fund and the economic resilience fund, and I hope that as much of that funding as possible can reach taxi drivers who are having, probably, the worst year of their professional careers.

In terms of taking this forward, I think there are two things we need to do in order to ensure that taxis form a part of the transport picture in the future. First of all, I think Government needs to do more to recognise taxis as a part of the overall public transport networks around different communities. You've spoken about rural areas and rural communities in the previous answer, but this is also true in urban Wales as well. For example, we've had the opening of the Grange hospital in Cwmbran over the last week, and it would be useful if taxis, for example, were a part of the recognised public transport network connecting our communities and patients with that hospital, and I'd like to see some more about how the Government will make that happen. 

And secondly, and perhaps more importantly in terms of the long term, I would like to see a taxi development fund established by the Welsh Government to enable local taxi drivers to compete with the technologically driven giants that are becoming dominant in the industry. It's going to be impossible for local taxi drivers to compete with Uber in the future unless they have help and support, and that means a development fund that enables taxi drivers to invest in their vehicles, but also to invest in the sort of technology that will connect them to their customers of the future as well.

So, I hope that we can take both these things forward and ensure that we have the regulatory environment, the funding available to ensure that taxi drivers are able to survive the pandemic, and then also the development that will enable them to form a part of the public transport networks of the future. Thank you.

Can I thank Alun Davies for his contribution? Again, incredibly constructive—there is nothing I could disagree with with what Alun Davies has outlined. He made three really strong points. One, there is the need for short-term support to get the sector through the pandemic. Secondly, there's the need for transition support to make sure that we futureproof the industry, to make it competitive, to make sure that it can transition and compete with industry disrupters. And then, thirdly, Alun makes this powerful point that we have to recognise that taxis and private hire vehicle services are an integral part of the public transport network here in Wales, and I would agree entirely that that needs to be demonstrated, and it will be demonstrated through the legislation that we will bring forward in the second year of the next term of the Senedd.

And in terms of the immediate support to the industry, well, so far, we've secured more than 100,000 jobs through the economic resilience fund, and that's in addition to the support from the UK Government for the self-employment support scheme and the job retention scheme, which I know has been helping the sector, but which it appears, in many instances, particularly here in Wales, is actually not getting through to individual drivers for one reason or another. Based on the discussions that we've had with the TUC and with unions, we believe that a lack of access to information may be a critical factor in appropriate support not getting through to drivers. And so, as I said in response to Helen Mary Jones, we're working with the unions to ensure that appropriate information can be distributed and disseminated right across the industry, and that the unions are working with local authorities, and of course with Welsh Government, in sharing appropriate information. Because, as I said, we set up that third phase of the ERF, particularly the £25 million discretionary grant fund element, to support sole traders such as taxi drivers, in order to survive the recent firebreak. Taxi drivers have been able to access support from that discretionary grant scheme even if they've accessed the self-employment income support scheme. So, the money has been there, it just appears that it hasn't been accessed on a sufficient scale by individuals within the sector, and that's why I have asked for answers as to why that is the case.

And then, in the longer term, I think Alun Davies makes a hugely important point that we face multiple disrupting factors: the transition to electric vehicles; the transition towards potentially fully autonomous vehicles; different models of public transport—so, shared car use and the uberisation of public transport; the need to decarbonise; and different ways of working as well in a post-COVID environment, with remote working hubs. We established, through the economic action plan, the calls to action. So, businesses seeking funding from the economy futures fund must do so on the basis of one of the five points within the calls to action, and two of those concern decarbonisation and rising to the challenge of technological disruption. It is a perfect means by which the sector could access funding in order to overcome and to challenge those disruptive technologies and the transition to a net-zero economy. Again, I'd very much urge the sector to look at that particular fund as an appropriate vehicle for drawing down financial support in order to get the vehicles that they're going to need for the future.  

Can I thank the Minister for his statement this afternoon? And I'm absolutely certain that we are all in agreement that reform of taxi and private hire vehicles is long overdue.

The main point I wish to make is that there should be a uniform system across the 22 local authorities of Wales. This would ensure that passengers would have a better understanding of the charges and the rules governing taxis if they were uniform across Wales. Could the Minister confirm this is also uppermost in his thinking?

I'm convinced that moving to a single-tier system would be of benefit to both passengers and local authorities alike. Each vehicle should be fitted with a meter with correct and uniform tariffs, and it needs to be clear that the meter can only operate from pick-up to drop-off. This should prevent over-charging. At present, companies and individuals running private hire charge what they see fit, as long as the customer accepts, but I'm sure the Minister knows that, in reality, it's a fait accompli as far as the passenger is concerned, in that he or she is committed as soon as they enter the taxi.

The new rules should include that all journeys should be recorded. Keeping a record of journeys has, in the past, been a benefit for bona fide drivers, local authorities and the police. It's also important, Minister, that companies who handle details of passengers should be subject to some form of scrutiny on how they take, give and store information. This would mean that there would be a much reduced risk of such data being misused. Will you make this part of your legislation? 

The fit-and-proper test should be more strictly adhered to and, possibly, all convictions should be disclosed, even moving outside the Rehabilitation of Offenders Act 1974. It is our duty to ensure that all passengers who get into a taxi can feel that they will arrive at their destination safely. Those who choose to travel by taxi must be able to travel without fear of being at risk from any individual who provides that service.

In addition to the nationwide tariff system, there should also be a nationwide vehicle quality test. You mentioned this earlier on, Minister. It is good to read in the statement that the Minister has all these aspects in mind, and I look forward to the time when the new regulations are implemented by legislation. So, can I thank the Minister for his work on this important transport matter? And I wish to add that much of the content of my comments come from within the industry itself.

Can I also thank David Rowlands for his observations and recommendations in his constructive contribution today?

Under the current legislation, as I've already outlined, we have 22 local authorities operating different licensing policies across Wales, and that includes, as I've outlined, in terms of the maximum age of the licensed vehicle, the licence duration, the licence insurance checks, and also the driving licence checks. Having a consistent national approach, I think, makes perfect sense both for the industry and for passengers, and many of the points that David Rowlands has raised today relate not just to the new legislation proposals, but also to the recommendations that came from our work with the Welsh Local Government Association, and the recommendations are aiming to improve standards and consistency of licensing policies without incurring unreasonable costs to the taxi industry or local authorities.

So, the recommendations include—and I think David Rowlands would welcome this—standard driver and operator conditions; enforcement protocols for cross-border authorisations; crucially, driver safeguarding training and a driver code of conduct; and also standardised driver application criteria. So, as adoption of the recommendations will achieve compliance with many of the Department for Transport standards, the Welsh Government is going to be monitoring local authority compliance to both documents, and this approach has been agreed, obviously, by the Secretary of State for Transport.

But then going on to the longer term, the taxi Bill is currently projected to be introduced in year 2 of the next Senedd and, as I've said, work has already begun on drafting policy proposals that build on the responses to the 'Improving public transport' White Paper. More detail is being developed around national standards, which David Rowlands pointed to as being absolutely vital, a national register and improved enforcement, which is proposed under the White Paper, and, in addition, new proposals include introducing a simplified one-tier licensing system to remove that distinction that I talked of earlier, and to create the single licensing authority and to allow taxis to operate across Wales.

I've just got to reinforce the point that I made earlier that new legislation is absolutely vital to effectively address the issues raised by the industry and regulators. Effective change, I'm afraid, cannot occur using the existing legislation or adopting voluntary measures.

First of all, I'd like to thank the Minister for reaching out to the unions to make sure that they were aware of the lockdown discretionary grant scheme, because this is something that I'd raised with the Deputy Minister with responsibility for ethnic minorities and equalities before the end of the lockdown, and, as mentioned by Helen Mary, many of these taxi drivers don't have Welsh or English as their first language. And so, at the very end of last week, I know that Unite submitted 1,000 applications that they'd helped taxi drivers complete because they were struggling to do it on their own; they really were. And unfortunately, there is a huge amount of need. It's been drastically oversubscribed in Cardiff, so I hope there's something we can do about ensuring that the inverse care law doesn't apply to taxi drivers, and that those most in need, who need most help getting the documentation together, are not going to be locked out, having no assistance whatsoever.

I enthusiastically support your efforts to encourage taxi drivers to embrace zero-carbon vehicles, so that they can understand that this is actually a much cleaner and, at the end of it, a more cost-effective way of running their business. But, clearly, there's going to be a need for some very carefully constructed loan schemes that are affordable, given that most taxi drivers have seen their income this year fall off a cliff. But, clearly, we need to move towards that, given that petrol vehicles and diesel vehicles are going to be phased out anyway.

Can you—? Can you close, please?

Yes. The uniformity of standards can't mean a free-for-all for every taxi driver in some areas and a dearth of taxi drivers in others, and there's already an over-supply in Cardiff. So, how does the Government propose to regulate the numbers of taxis operating in any given area, possibly using mobile phones—

Can you wind up, please?

—to ensure that we're just not getting this free-for-all, which is causing this massive oversupply?

Can I thank Jenny Rathbone for the questions she's raised, and also for her wider contribution in terms of flagging up the disproportionate impact that coronavirus has had on some of the most vulnerable people in society, including, in terms of the taxi and private hire vehicle industry, members of the BAME community? We recognise that the industry has been severely impacted by the pandemic, in particular the BAME community in Cardiff, Newport and Swansea primarily, which represents a high proportion of the industry.

As I've said to other contributors this afternoon, the information that's available, in terms of support, is there online. We've asked the WLGA to share that information with taxi drivers; we've also asked trade unions to do so likewise. Officials have worked very closely, I think, with the WLGA and local authorities in providing solutions to issues such as the suitability of temporary vehicle safety screens. And, as I've already said, we're investigating the possibility of providing high-quality PPE to taxi and private hire vehicle drivers.

And, of course, we've got the advisory group, which was established and has been meeting since April of this year, to consider the disproportionate number of COVID-19 related deaths within BAME communities. Work is going to continue on developing recommendations to ensure that the safety of workers is of paramount significance, and that we help reduce the number of deaths, particularly within key sectors where the BAME community is highly represented. So, obviously, the taxi and private hire vehicle industry is going to be a key concern of ours.

I'd say again to Jenny Rathbone that she is absolutely right that the issue of cross-bordering is perhaps the most pressing issue that we need to overcome, that we need to challenge. Because it's as a direct result of cross-bordering that many taxi drivers, particularly in Cardiff where there is oversupply, experienced poor levels of remuneration—low wages—before the pandemic, and as a consequence, even if they were able to secure funding through the self-employment support scheme, at only 80 per cent, it was barely enough to live on. That's why the discretionary assistance fund has been so important. That's why the discretionary grant scheme has been so important—the £25 million. But we want to go on looking at how we can help the sector in any way possible.

And finally, in terms of green taxis, I've already outlined the pilots that are taking place and how those pilots will then inform the scale of the support that's going to be required in order to transition the industry towards our net-zero ambitions. And, of course, there will a role, obviously, for the UK Government in this regard. They've announced that the date has been brought forward to 2030 for no new internal combustion engine vehicles to be produced, so we await as well—potentially tomorrow—any additional funding that may be announced from the UK Government to help ensure that that ambition, that target, can be met. 

Finally, Mick Antoniw.

Minister, I agree with many of the comments that have already been made, and I won't repeat those. Can I just put on record, firstly, that I recognise that the taxi service, particularly in the Valleys, has made such an important contribution to dealing with the COVID pandemic, in getting, for example, NHS staff to work in areas where bus services are poor in any event? I think it's important that that's recognised—and very much the comment that Alun Davies made about the taxi service being a really important part of an integrated transport service. The point he made about operational boundaries is important, particularly, for example, to Valleys communities, because to some extent the oversupply, as you mentioned, in places like Cardiff actually undermines the development of a taxi service in some of the Valleys communities, because taxi drivers are forced to go to one area and undermine the economic basis on which the taxi service can actually be supplied.

There are two aspects to standards and safety. One standard, obviously, involves training as well. Safety is for passengers, but it is also for taxi drivers, many of whom experience assaults during the course of their work. If there were other public sector workers who had that level of assault, we would be taking it as a very serious issue. So, I think that it's about recognising that situation and the role. One of the issues that the taxi companies have raised with me is the issue of the number of plates and the need for a cap on plates to ensure that there isn't an oversupply. That obviously overlaps with the boundaries issue as well. Can I then also raise the issue of—

No. Can you wind up, please?

I'll wind up—in respect of Uber, which basically has developed a race to the bottom in taxi services. It's important in any development that we don't allow the uberisation of the taxi service—that it has to have a firm commercial basis to survive and to be part of an integrated transport service.

Can I thank Mick Antoniw for the points that he has raised and the questions that he's asked? He's absolutely right that we need to avoid any race to the bottom. In so doing, we have to ensure that those standards that I talked of earlier are of the highest quality, and ensure that we can compete with those new disruptive entrants into the market on the basis of standards and safety. It has to be said that oversupply has been suppressing wages. So, in terms of cross-bordering, there is no doubt that the legislation that will be introduced in the next term is vitally important in raising wage levels for taxi and private hire vehicle drivers.

Of course, Mick Antoniw points to the essential role that taxis and private hire vehicle drivers have played during the whole of the pandemic, ensuring that key workers and NHS equipment have been able to be transported safely and reliably. I am incredibly grateful to the industry for playing its part in rising to the national effort. I know that the Deputy Minister for Economy and Transport was due today to make a statement on activities within the Valleys taskforce. That will now take place on 8 December, and I'm sure that he will have something to say then about some of the pilots that have been taking place regarding public transport. Recognising the vital role that taxis and private hire vehicles play in the Valleys, I'm sure that he'll have something to say regarding the services that they operate in those communities that Mick Antoniw and other Members represent so well.

Thank you very much, Minister. 

Item 6 on the agenda has been postponed until 8 December. 

Item 7 is the Health Protection (Coronavirus, International Travel and Restrictions) (Amendment) (No. 2) (Wales) Regulations 2020. It's really exciting. I call on the Minister for Health and Social Services—Vaughan Gething.

Thank you, Deputy Presiding Officer. I move the motion before us. The regulations before us today provide that passenger planes and ships travelling directly from Denmark, and accompanied freight, will no longer be able to land or dock at Welsh ports. They came into force on Saturday 14 November. The regulations follow the urgent action that had been taken across the UK by all four Governments following reports from health authorities in Denmark that outbreaks of a new variant of COVID had been found in mink farms, with some human transmission events.

Previous amendments to the travel restrictions introduced restrictions on Denmark. From 7 November, anyone arriving in the UK from Denmark overnight was required to isolate for 14 days. This applied to individuals and their households too. This coincided with the UK Government's implementation of immigration powers. That means that all non-British national or resident travellers who have been in, or transited through, Denmark in the last 14 days have been denied entry into the UK. These were precautionary measures based on early evidence from health authorities in Denmark. By taking action, we aim to prevent risk to Wales and the UK from this new strain of COVID. Public Health Wales has been contacting Welsh residents who have been in Denmark, to explain that we will require them and their households to isolate as an extra precautionary measure.

Clearly, the situation in Denmark remains an evolving situation that we will continue to closely monitor, and, of course, we'll work with other Governments within the UK and Europe as we do so. The Senedd has not previously debated amendments to the Health Protection (Coronavirus, International Travel) (Wales) Regulations 2020, which are usually made under the negative procedure. Because these regulations amend both the international travel restrictions and the separate and more general Health Protection (Coronavirus Restrictions) (No. 4) (Wales) Regulations 2020, they are, in this instance, subject to the affirmative procedure.

There have been encouraging signs that the firebreak in Wales has worked, leading to a sharp fall in the numbers of positive cases. This is particularly clear in areas of high incidence such as Rhondda Cynon Taf and Merthyr Tydfil. It has also seen a levelling off and potential fall in hospital admissions. However, the situation in Wales remains very serious. As the First Minister set out last week, following our review of the regulations, it is too early to ease any of the restrictions. This is in keeping with the careful and gradual approach that we have always taken. It is worth reflecting, when doing so, on the recent rises in new positive cases over the last few days. The regulations here in Wales following the firebreak are designed to be clear, stable and simple to understand. We are therefore not making substantial changes at this time.

As we approach the December festive period, families and loved ones will naturally wish to be together. Members will be aware that the Welsh Government is engaging with other UK administrations to seek a joined-up approach to planning for the festive period. The First Minister is meeting this afternoon, if not as we speak, as part of a COBRA meeting to discuss what might be possible across all four nations over the Christmas period. And obviously I can't pre-empt the outcome of those conversations. 

As I set out in the Welsh Government conference yesterday, adopting a common approach across the UK may unfortunately still require some tightening of restrictions in Wales in the weeks leading up to the festive period. This might be the only way we can achieve the headroom necessary to provide for the extra freedoms that many of us hope to enjoy over a limited festive period. I should stress that no decision on any new restrictions has yet been made. The law in Wales requires that the restrictions must be reviewed again by 3 December. As part of that review, I expect us to consider whether additional requirements in Wales are necessary, and this will include the new tier arrangements in England and Scotland, as, indeed, raised during First Minister's questions by the leader of the opposition earlier today.

I'm sure that, like me, Members will be encouraged by the positive news on the development of vaccines, with the further news yesterday of the Oxford vaccine. I would, though, again remind everyone that a vaccine is not a magic bullet. Coronavirus is still with us. It is still highly infectious, and still likely to cause major harm in the months ahead, including, I'm afraid, a further loss of life. The restrictions are sadly still very necessary. We are months away from the realistic prospect of population coverage with a combination of vaccines. We all need to think about what we should do to take care of ourselves and each other. Once again, though, I would like to express my thanks to people in every part of Wales for their continued efforts, at some cost to all of us, to help keep Wales safe. I ask Members to support the motion before us.

Thank you. I now call on the Chair of the Legislation, Justice and Consitution Committee, Mick Antoniw.

Thank you, Dirpwy Lywydd. Being half Danish, I have a particular interest in this particular set of regulations. We reported as a committee on these regulations yesterday. As Members will know, they came into force at 4 a.m. on Saturday 14 November 2020. As the Minister has explained, the regulations amend the original coronavirus, international travel and restrictions regulations, including by adding a new measure prohibiting aircraft and maritime vessels whose last departure point was in Denmark from arriving in Wales. This restriction is subject to limited exceptions.

The regulations also amend the Health Protection (Coronavirus Restrictions) (No. 4) (Wales) Regulations, as the Minister has mentioned. We as a committee identified one technical reporting point regarding a difference between the English and Welsh texts as to the meaning of 'arrive in Wales' as regards a vessel coming directly from Denmark. We also identified three merits points. The first point notes the justification for any political interference with human rights, and the second that there has been no formal consultation on these regulations. Our final reporting point welcomes the fact that these regulations correct issues in the No. 4 regulations and the original coronavirus, international travel and restrictions regulations that our committee raised in previous reports. Thank you, Llywydd.

We'll be supporting the regulations that are tabled this afternoon. I'd just seek two points of clarification from the Minister, if I may. On the Denmark part of the regulations that have been moved by the Government, can the Minister, whilst he did give us an update to a point, indicate is there any knowledge about the transmission rate outside of Denmark? I notice that there's press speculation that has picked up the new variant of the COVID infection as now appearing in other countries in Europe.

I do not think I've heard of any transmission within the United Kingdom, or, indeed, Wales, but it would be helpful to understand. Can the Minister confirm that that is the case, and, in particular, the regular dialogue that officials from Public Health Wales and the Danish authorities are having to make sure that that information is shared? Because, again, as I understand it, this outbreak in Denmark has led to Government resignations as well, so, the update he gave us last week of a good relationship was pleasing to hear, but there are obviously some political considerations domestically in Denmark, and we must make sure that those corridors of communication are maintained.

Secondly, when it comes to the international regulations on travel restrictions that have been placed on returning visitors from Greece, today we've had the news about possible testing—the ability to test on return that would shorten the isolation period. Is the Minister in a position to confirm whether such testing opportunities will be available here at points of entry for Wales, or is this just an England-only initiative at the moment and potentially could become available here in Wales?

We too will be supporting these regulations today. The situation in Denmark is a cause for concern, and it's sensible to take steps to safeguard the public in Wales given those developments. These regulations also take a number of nations off the list of exempt countries and do add others to that list. That tells us, of course, that the story of the virus is one that continues to be dynamic across the globe, and that reminds us that things are by no means over.

It's dynamic here in Wales too, and I will make a few comments on that. Yes, we did have the firebreak lockdown and I and fellow Members of Plaid Cymru had called for that. It was time for that step to be taken. But we can see that there are concerning signs in many parts of Wales, if truth be told, in terms of how the pattern of the virus is developing. And I will say here that we are willing to work with Government on new regulations that may need to be introduced, and those regulations should have an emphasis on support.

We discussed here in the Senedd last Wednesday afternoon the importance of supporting people to help communities to help themselves to manage the virus. We heard at the Health, Social Care and Sport Committee last week how important it is to support communities and to support individuals to self-isolate, as one of the main tools in the fight against this virus. So, let us look particularly at those areas of Wales where the virus is increasing and see how we can seek to change behaviour, to change people's habits, in fact, by supporting them and helping them. There are far too few people, not just in Wales, but in these isles, who can't do what is necessary in order to follow strict self-isolation. Other nations are far more effective in getting people to self-isolate, and the reason for that is that there is more support available—not just financial support, as we've emphasised, but also practical support and emotional support too, so that people can make the right decisions.

I encourage the Government to consider those kinds of steps in Wales over the next few weeks—to think of them as support, rather than restrictions. Everyone's had enough of restrictions. But there are areas that need more help than others, and we are willing to support the Government if they will consider that as we move to the next phase.

Thank you. I have nobody who has requested to make an intervention. Therefore, I call on the Minister for Health and Social Services to reply to the debate.

Thank you, and thank you to Members for their comments. I'm not half Danish, unlike the Chair of the Legislation, Justice and Constitution Committee, but I do have family in Denmark—I have a brother, a sister in-law and two nephews. I don't think that that materially affects my decision making in this regard, particularly as these are additional restrictions that we're debating. I should also say the original restrictions were signed off after 3 a.m. in the morning, before coming into force at 4 a.m. That was an early morning or a late night for myself, but also I want to thank officials, who I don't think are always appreciated, who are up til very late in the evening, working through the detail of the regulations and transmitting the genuinely very fast-moving emergency measures that we had to take, at some cost to themselves and their families for working up to that point in time.

In terms of the questions from Andrew R.T. Davies and some of the points, well, we're not clear about the other variant in other European countries, because other European countries do have some commercial mink farming. We're not sure if there's transmission from Denmark or novel variants in other countries. We're meeting, again, across other UK administrations on Thursday, when I expect to get an update. I'll also have a conversation with our own chief medical officer in advance of that, and, as we have a more developed picture, we'll continue to update. But this is, again—for all the difference at various points in time between the four Governments in the UK during the pandemic, this is an area where there is genuine and open conversation between the Governments and a sharing of information and evidence, and, as soon we have another proper update, I'll be happy to provide that to Members, including, if it's outside of Plenary time, then to do so in a written statement.

We are in the position, though, that we still have very good relationships with not just the Danish Government but with the Danish healthcare system, and there have been no concerns raised with me about the level of co-operation and information sharing from Denmark. We do, though, expect, on the second point that the Member asked—it's not strictly part of the regulations for us today, but, about the international travel arrangements that the transport Secretary's announced for England today, we've not ruled out doing something similar. However, we want to be able to understand more of the detailed information that apparently underpins the choice made by Ministers for England. So, I'm pleased to say that they've agreed to share that information and work with our own chief medical officer and our technical advisory cell to give advice to Welsh Ministers. Given that implementation within England isn't until the middle of December, we may be able to move at a similar point in time, if we choose to do so, but, as I say, we'll get those papers, we'll have that advice from our technical advisory cell, and then, in the normal course of events, we'd expect to not just be able to make a decision but also to publish a summary of that advice in the regular technical advisory cell publications that come out each week.

I think that moves into the points made by Rhun ap Iorwerth about supporting people and self-isolation in particular. SAGE papers were referenced in last week's technical advisory cell report, and that talks again not just about financial support, which there is some already in place for, but also about the non-financial support and the broader point about encouraging people to do the right thing for other people as well as themselves. So, there's a challenge here in messaging, reinforcing why it's the right thing to do, and supporting people to do so. From the comprehensive spending review tomorrow, we'll hear where we are in terms of whether there is to be any additional resource for the Government here to use, and, if so, at what point.

We do, though, already have regular support calls, which are a feature of our test, trace and protect service. I've had constituents, and people from across Wales outside my constituency, contact me to say how useful they've found those regular support calls from the test, trace and protect service to see how they are and how they're coping in the isolation they would need to undertake following a period of isolation, either as an index case or, indeed, as a contact. So, there's more that we would of course want to learn from other parts of the UK, to think about the advice that we get, and to practically help people to do the right thing. This is still very much part of doing the right thing to take care of ourselves and each other. I want to thank all Members for their contributions today and ask that Members continue to support the regulations to help keep Wales safe. Many thanks.

Thank you. The proposal is to agree the motion. Does any Member object? No. Therefore, the motion is agreed in accordance with Standing Order 12.36.

We will now suspend proceedings to allow changeovers in the Chamber. If you're leaving the Chamber, please do so promptly, and the bell will be rung two minutes before proceedings are to restart. Members should wait outside of the Chamber until the bell is rung. Thank you.

So, we reconvene on item 8, which is the Additional Learning Needs Co-ordinator (Wales) Regulations 2020, and I call on the Minister for Education to move the motion. Kirsty Williams. 

Thank you very much, Deputy Presiding Officer. Members will be aware that, in response to numerous reports into the shortfalls of the current system, this Government introduced new legislation in 2016 that paved the way for a much-improved system for supporting children and young people with additional learning needs. This ambitious legislation was co-constructed with key stakeholders and tested through the Bill scrutiny process by Members of the Senedd. The Additional Learning Needs and Educational Tribunal (Wales) Act 2018, otherwise known as the ALN Act, became an Act of law in January 2018 and is the centrepiece of the wider ALN transformation programme.

Since 2018, I've been working with stakeholders to help shape the ALN code and draft regulations setting out how the new system will work in practice. In September, I announced that the timeline for starting roll-out of the new ALN system remains unchanged, and that the statutory roles of the additional learning needs co-ordinator—the ALNCO; the designated educational clinical lead officer—the DECLO; and the early years additional learning needs lead officers—the EYALNCOs—will still commence in January 2021. This will enable the rest of the new system to proceed on a phased basis from September 2021.

Earlier this month, I approved the Order that will allow for the commencement of these statutory roles from 4 January 2021, and to support this I'm pleased to present an important set of regulations that mark a key milestone in the ALN reforms in Wales, the draft ALNCO regulations. These regulations will help raise standards and the co-ordination of education provision, and promote a whole-school approach to those with ALN by prescribing the qualifications and experience an ALNCO must have. They set out clear tasks that an ALNCO must undertake, which will ensure that our statutory bodies take a consistent approach in designating the role, as well as enabling the delivery of improved educational provision for children and young people with ALN.

To support ALNCOs, I'm providing funding for additional training as part of an ALN national professional training programme. Work is under way to develop a specific professional learning offer for ALNCOs to enable them to provide a strategic leadership role, acting as the first port of call for professional advice and guidance for others.

The draft ALNCO regulations were laid in the Senedd on 3 November and with the support of Members today will come into force at the same time as the ALNCO role commences on 4 January 2021. Passing these regulations will represent a significant step forward in the delivery of our new ALN system in Wales and will go some way towards improving the life chances of our learners with additional learning needs. Thank you, Deputy Presiding Officer. 

Plaid Cymru welcomes the intention to improve support for pupils with additional learning needs, but I do note, however, that there are a number of challenges arising in introducing these changes, particularly in light of COVID and bearing in mind the far-reaching curricular reforms that are also in the pipeline.

The changes to ALN education have a cost to them, but it is not clear exactly how much all of this will cost—it's not clear what it will cost in staffing terms or in terms of training. But I do think that there is general agreement that it will mean additional financial pressures on our schools even though budgets are shrinking. There is also some work to be done to upskill staff, too. So, whilst welcoming these new regulations, the Government must acknowledge that there are significant challenges in introducing these changes in a meaningful way that will truly make a difference to this special cohort of children. 

Thank you. There are no Members who have indicated that they want to make an intervention, therefore, can I call on the Minister for Education to reply to the debate? Kirsty Williams. You need to be unmuted.

Thank you, Deputy Presiding Officer. Can I thank Siân Gwenllian for her comments? She is absolutely right to talk about the not insignificant challenges of making real the promise of the ALN Act. And certainly, the impact of COVID-19 on the work of the Government and, indeed, on the work of schools is not insignificant. However, I'm sure she would agree with me that we must make progress and the regulations before us today allow us to do that. 

With regard to financial resources, the Member will be aware that we have set aside a £20 million programme to support the implementation of the Act. The vast majority of that will be spent on providing the necessary professional learning and upskilling opportunities that will be demanded by the legislation. But I'm grateful for her comments and her continued commitment to this important area of reform.

Thank you very much. The proposal is to agree the motion. Does any Member object? I don't see any objections. Therefore, the motion is agreed in accordance with Standing Order 12.36.

Item 9 on our agenda is a debate, and it's the Welsh Government's annual report for 'Cymraeg 2050' for 2019-20, and the Welsh Language Commissioner's annual report of 2019-20. I call on the Minister for Mental Health, Well-being and the Welsh Language to move the motion. Is the Minister there? Right, we'll have a couple of minutes' break until the Minister can join us virtually. 

As I was saying, we're on the debate on the Welsh Government's annual report for 'Cymraeg 2050' and the Welsh Language Commissioner's annual report, and I will ask, now, the Minister for Mental Health, Well-being and the Welsh Language to move the motion. Eluned Morgan.  

Thank you very much, and apologies for my late arrival. I am here today to present two annual reports before the Senedd, which taken together show the steps that were taken in 2019-20 to reach our national well-being goal of seeing the Welsh language prosper. The reports covered are the Welsh Government's annual report for 'Cymraeg 2050' and the Welsh Language Commissioner's annual report, again for 2019-20. 

I want to start by looking at our annual report on our language strategy, namely 'Cymraeg 2050'. This report focuses on the financial year 2019-20 and shows the progress that we have made in implementing 'Cymraeg 2050' during those 12 months.

You will recall that 'Cymraeg 2050' includes two main objectives: increasing the number of Welsh speakers and increasing the use made of the Welsh language too. This report, therefore, demonstrates the work that has been done in response to these goals at the heart of our communities, by our grant partners, and steps taken by us as a Government. You will see that the report shows our work from early years, through statutory education provision into post-statutory education and Welsh for adults. It also covers projects to increase the use of the Welsh language in our communities.

The report is very diverse and varied because this work belongs to all parts of the Government’s work, identifying the importance of mainstreaming and rooting 'Cymraeg 2050' more broadly, and this report demonstrates very strong evidence of that.

I have no time to cover everything today, so I want to mention some highlights of the year before turning to what has happened since then in light of COVID-19. One of the highlights of last year was participation in the UNESCO International Year of Indigenous Languages. It was an excellent opportunity to raise Wales’s profile internationally as a bilingual nation and a nation that is in the vanguard in terms of linguistic regeneration.

During the reporting year, I reported on our intention to establish Prosiect 2050—a brand new unit co-ordinating the work of planning our route towards the 1 million. It will also create new initiatives to double the use of the Welsh language and will support policy departments across Government in implementing 'Cymraeg 2050'. It will work with various partners across Wales and beyond, and I look forward to seeing this innovative work carried out by the project.

Encouraging families to choose to use the Welsh language is one of the most important things that we can do on our journey towards the 1 million. So, I was very pleased to launch a consultation on the draft national policy on language transmission and its use in families. We will be publishing our final policy in the Senedd on 15 December.

Also, we have launched the Helo Blod service, which is a support and translation service available online and over the phone to small businesses and the third sector. We must also bear in mind the bread and butter work, such as increasing the number of cylchoedd meithrin, increasing the places available in Welsh-medium schools and the numbers attending those schools, making provisions for late arrivals, strengthening the education workforce, maintaining language use in the post-16 sector and developing quality educational resources, also increasing the number of adults learning, and providing a good range of Welsh-medium apprenticeships, and providing opportunities to use the Welsh language in workplaces, supporting grant partners, the Arfor programme, the role of the media, heritage, culture, tourism, language infrastructure and taking full advantage of technology.

You will see that the data contained within the report shows that we continue to face challenges in certain areas, for example, the recruitment of teachers and ensuring that young people continue to use the Welsh language once they pass 16 years of age. But, we are working hard across Government and with other partners and continue to keep a close eye on the data in order to adapt our plans if necessary.

It’s important to bear in mind that this is a snapshot of a particular period that came to an end at the end of March this year. That’s what’s contained within the report and we must bear in mind that the world has been entirely transformed since then. The Welsh language, like all other policy areas within Government, has faced major challenges as a result of COVID-19, but with all challenges, there also come opportunities. The innovation, determination and creativity of our partners have made a great impression on me. It was a pleasure to watch Eisteddfod T, Eisteddfod Amgen and to hear of the excellent voluntary work done by the young farmers and Merched y Wawr, as well as seeing all sorts of other events being staged online by the mentrau iaith. More learners have taken advantage of Welsh taster sessions at the National Centre for Learning Welsh since March of this year than the total number of learners in the previous three years taken together. And most of our partners have managed to continue to operate to the objectives of 'Cymraeg 2050' during this difficult period. I want to thank them for their great efforts in this area.

As a Government, we have responded to the pandemic by supporting partners, trying to anticipate situations and responding to them and we will continue to do that. For example, the Llond Haf o Gymraeg campaign was launched to support the parents of children who attend Welsh-medium schools. We have also held an audit of language use in our communities in order to understand the impact of COVID and to identify new opportunities for people to use the Welsh language. Now, the Cysgliad package is available free of charge to schools and small organisations. This makes it easier for more people to use the Welsh language.

We have also been considering the impact of COVID-19 and Brexit on the following: the use of the Welsh language in workplaces; the rural economy, including the agriculture sector; and the position of second homes and affordable homes. So, next year’s report will include more details on these issues and any findings on the impact of the pandemic on the Welsh language. This will all be considered as we prepare for the next 'Cymraeg 2050' work programme for the next Government.

I want to turn now to the Welsh Language Commissioner’s annual report for 2019-20, which is Aled Roberts's first full year in post. I would like to take this opportunity to thank him, once again, for his work. I do want to note that I appreciate the commissioner’s willingness, as well as his staff's willingness, to adapt the way that they have been working, particularly given the implications of COVID-19 on bodies providing Welsh language services.

The commissioner started in post by meeting a range of people in communities and organisations across Wales. He did that in order to understand the situation of the Welsh language across the nation. The journey was the basis for the commissioner’s vision for the way forward. I'm pleased that Aled shares our vision, as a Welsh Government, that regulation and creating opportunities to use the Welsh language go hand in hand. We need to do both things in order to succeed together in implementing 'Cymraeg 2050'.

The annual report refers to work that has been done in accordance with the commissioner's priorities, namely to continue to effectively regulate whilst also working with partners to promote the Welsh language. The commissioner continues to implement Welsh language standards. These standards were implemented into the health sector during the reporting period and the commissioner has also been working with bodies in supporting them to implement standards. I'm very grateful to the commissioner for his willingness to work with my officials to review the process of making the standards following recommendations made by the Culture, Welsh Language and Communications Committee.

I'm eager to collaborate in order to push bodies forward in providing Welsh language services. We also want to create a situation where the rights of Welsh speakers are clear in order to increase the use of those services. The report also highlights the role of the commissioner in ensuring that the Welsh language is at the heart of the work of the Government as a whole. This year, more than ever before, the external challenge is crucial as we consider the long-term impacts of COVID-19 and the uncertainty posed to the Welsh language as we depart the European Union.

So, there we are. Two very comprehensive reports presenting a great deal of information about this crucially important work that is being done under the 'Cymraeg 2050' banner. Thank you.

Thank you, Minister. May I begin by expressing my disappointment that we are discussing both of these reports together? Five minutes to scrutinise both. There isn't sufficient time to scrutinise your success in relation to your activities. We can't go through the world of work, the field of education and the community, et cetera, and there's not enough time to look at the functions and the responsibilities of the commissioner and to work out whether he has sufficient resources and work out why he's had to spend more on legal and professional fees than expected. And it is important, because, for me, this suggests that the complaints procedure is still overly complex. Many of them have not actually been proven, as we see. It reduces the amount of money available for the other work that the commissioner should do, namely to assist to create more Welsh speakers and increase language usage.

May I welcome the code of practice that was published in February, which supports institutions to understand how to conform to the standards? Of course, there should be more standards to conform with by now. We said this last year as well, and the lack of enthusiasm for standards was most evident pre COVID. We can't blame the virus for that. But I have more enthusiasm for seeing an improvement on the work of promoting and persuading others, to attain the target of a million speakers. And as the Welsh Government is determined to bring more responsibilities for this back in house, we'll see how much time the Minister will have to accomplish this, considering her other new challenging and important responsibilities. 

I'm very keen to see what will happen to the conclusions of this work with the planning authorities, because it appears to me that the impact on the Welsh language is just interpreted as a tick box, rather than thinking for opportunities under section 106 agreements, et cetera, as a way of increasing the demand for Welsh-medium education. I'm very pleased to see the commissioner presenting the case for a code of practice under the new curriculum. Mainstreaming the Welsh language in English-medium schools won't be easy, but this is the best way forward, in my view, to create more bilingual generations to come. It is much better than the very awkward proposals on trying to change two-stream schools into bilingual schools. That is not a good way of proceeding. In addition to that, we're still having difficulty in recruiting teachers, as the Minister said, especially on secondary level. Therefore, I encourage Welsh Government to consider the continuum code of practice seriously, and also to focus on early years provision, to make it easier to choose Welsh with confidence. 

Could you tell us, Minister, whether COVID has interrupted your plans to have 40 new nurseries by 2021, and how you are going to catch up? And could you tell me where the additional 800 children in nurseries across Wales—are these children scattered across the whole of Wales, or are they in English-medium placements? And I would ask the same about the increase in the percentage of children that move into Welsh-medium primary schools. Can I ask why you have actual figures for one, and then a percentage for the other? That's not at all transparent. Although I believe that the Camau programme is a wonderful idea, can you tell me whether every Flying Start setting has the appropriate staffing for Welsh language transmission? 

As I said, there are too many questions for me to cover today, but I wish to turn to the GCSE figures. It's a moderate success, and I welcome any kind of success, but perhaps seeing the grades of pupils would help me to understand something else—whether we should welcome this further, or whether there's a problem with attainment in this mandatory subject. And yes, it should be mandatory, because we still need to demonstrate that this remains a valuable qualification. We also need to reverse the fall in the demand for the A-level if we have any hope of getting the teachers we need. Thank you.

'We need to look towards the future not the past'

according to the Minister in her foreword to her annual report on the 'Cymraeg 2050' strategy. And our work in the Senedd today is to review the activities of the 12 months between 1 April 2019 to 30 March of this year, which is what is reported on and encapsulated in the two reports before us today—a period that was almost entirely prior to the COVID crisis, of course. The commissioner and his team have already appeared before the Welsh language committee to answer questions on the annual report and the assurance report of the commissioner, so I will focus today on the Minister's responsibilities.

It is right to say that COVID has changed society overnight, but it was only having an impact during the final fortnight of this reporting period, so COVID cannot excuse or hide the lack of progress that is so apparent in the Government's record. And one example that jumped out at me was the sweeping statement in the report that the head of the 2050 project had now been appointed and was in post, following delays as a result of COVID-19. But COVID wasn't to blame for that delay. The announcement of this single new post in the civil service was the major announcement made by the Minister in the Eisteddfod in Llanrwst in August 2019, which was to focus attention on the strategy. I saw that things were sluggish and I wrote to the Permanent Secretary in January 2020, asking for an update. It's very disappointing to see this lack of progress. It was characteristic, perhaps. Far too much time was lost with the appointment and therefore with the strategy itself.

Long-term strategies are important, but their implementation on an annual basis is even more important, and the main test of this, where you can identify lack of progress, is when Ministers are content just to make announcements rather than to identify real achievements. One of those was the launch of Helo Blod, a translation service for small businesses and the third sector—which sounds great, and is praiseworthy as far as it goes, but is entirely inadequate if we are serious about reaching a million Welsh speakers. Only major steps in the workplace, in law and in the education system will secure that aim. Education has a crucial role in creating that million Welsh speakers, but the report states that there are fewer Welsh-medium primary teachers in this period than there were even in 2015-16—fewer teachers. That is quite staggering. Eleven secondary Welsh medium teachers were trained—11—which is 367 teachers short of the target. The situation is critical, and in looking forward, COVID threatens what we already have. But what do we hear? Helo Blod, goodbye introduction of a standards program. Helo Blod, but goodbye to the Urdd. Helo Blod, but goodbye to viable Welsh speaking communities where second homes are entirely out of control. I'm sure you can hear the sarcasm and frustration in my voice, and I make no apology for that.

There is room to acknowledge a few glimmers of hope. Thank you to the Public Accounts Committee and the culture committee of the Senedd. The Permanent Secretary's feet were held to the fire, and there was a commitment and an action plan to make the Welsh language an administrative language within Welsh Government over a period of time. Judge Fraser's adjudication in the administrative court was made recently, which provides everyone with the right to continue in Welsh-medium education. Another glimmer of hope is the detailed work done by the Welsh Language Commissioner, which demonstrates where legislation on the curriculum provides us with a real opportunity to make progress on the linguistic continuum, if we bring a statutory code in order to move this situation onwards. And I do very much hope that the Minister will take that opportunity in responding to the debate, to give her support to the excellent work done by the commissioner in terms of the curriculum Bill. But what's important about these glimmers of hope that I've mentioned is it's not the Government that's been responsible for bringing them forward. These things have happened despite the Government, not because of the Government. We need to make progress.

'We need to look towards the future not the past'

according to the Minister, and it will come as no surprise that I am more than happy to look to the future, a new future for the work of regenerating the Welsh language, and myself and Plaid Cymru have very clear ideas on the new direction, the new leadership and the new energy required for these efforts. A Plaid Cymru Government would promote the status of the Welsh language unit as a powerful cross-governmental directorate. We would introduce a Welsh langauge education Act to make it truly a language for all. We would save our national institutions that do so much for the language and provide a sustainable future for all of the communities of Wales. Thank you.

Thank you to the Minister for bringing the report forward.

When a Government tries to implement a policy, there are different methods that can be used in that cause. These can sometimes be divided into two basic elements, namely the carrot and the stick. I think that the Minister has been quite consistent in advocating the carrot rather than the stick in furthering the campaign of boosting the use of the Welsh language, and I am encouraged, after reading the 'Cymraeg 2050' report, that that appears to still be her basic approach.

I think the encouragement of groups and organisations to grow the use of Welsh is a far better measure than methods of compulsion, so I would generally endorse the methods that the Minister is pursuing, as outlined in this year's 'Cymraeg 2050' report, by supporting the various initiatives that are documented. The view of the Abolish the Welsh Assembly Party is that, generally, we support these positive measures to encourage the growth of Welsh. Sometimes, making something compulsory does not really work. We did have the Welsh Government taking a decision a few years ago to make the teaching of Welsh in schools compulsory up to the age of 16. That decision has proved to be contentious and I wonder if it has actually worked in increasing to any meaningful level the usage of Welsh, by which I mean increasing the number of people in Wales who use Welsh on a daily basis.

My own observation, based on the experience of various relatives and relatives of friends who have gone through the school system in recent years is that we still have a sizeable section of young people who are fairly indifferent to the Welsh language and also fairly ignorant of it, despite having theoretically studied it up to the age of 16. So, in a sense, little has changed since I was at school 30 years ago. Having seen the stated figures, I'm not sure that the proportion of young people who significantly use Welsh has increased as a result of forcing more people to take it at school for three extra years. Can I refer to the lack of increase in the uptake of A-level Welsh at school, which is documented in the report? There has been no significant lasting increase in the numbers of school students taking A-level Welsh, so this, in itself, does indicate that, to a large extent, the policy of compelling school pupils to take Welsh up to the age of 16 has failed. I think that promoting parents' evenings to encourage more uptake of A-level Welsh is a good idea. We could take the same approach with GCSE Welsh in my view, but that is perhaps a discussion for another day. My main contention is that learning Welsh can be a very positive experience, but it has to be done with the consent and active input of the learner. The learner must want to learn, so the main thing is to encourage more young people to take up the subject as far as possible. Parents' evenings are fine, but, even there, we must ensure that the young students themselves are also involved in discussions on what A-levels they take.

There are related problems to the A-level uptake issue, such as the shortfall in primary school teachers and the bigger shortfall in secondary school teachers—issues that have already been raised today by earlier speakers. There is a conversion scheme, which is outlined in the report, the difficulty being that many primary school teachers may not want to convert to secondary school and also you already have a shortfall in primary school teachers, anyway. So, there are difficulties in moving forward towards the very good aspiration of improving the usage of the Welsh language. I do, though, commend the Minister for her overall approach. 

I thank the Minister again for her report.

The Minister, now, to reply to the debate—Eluned Morgan.

Thank you very much, and thank you for those responses. To start with Suzy, of course, since we decided not to proceed with new Welsh language legislation, we had started to make progress with some new Welsh language standards, but then COVID interrupted that work. However, we do hope to have at least one further group of standards in place before the end of this parliamentary session.

I think the fact that I have a new role, in a way, helps me to shine some light in terms of that area of mental health and the Welsh language, and I've already asked for some work to be done on that very issue. So, I don't see them as being in competition with each other; I think there is room for us to work together on those issues.

In terms of mainstreaming the Welsh language, let me be clear that I have no interest in seeing any tensions between languages in our communities. It is important that we work together and that we understand that there is a responsibility not just on those attending Welsh-medium schools, but also on those not attending Welsh-medium schools—that they too should learn enough of the language. And, of course, it is important that we do more work in that area. We've already been speaking to organisations such as the National Centre for Learning Welsh to see how they can help, given their new experience of working online.

In terms of nurseries, we're still on target to deliver the 40 nurseries that we had hoped to put in place, and, to just be clear, we have asked them to focus on those areas where such facilities haven't traditionally been available. Welsh language as a qualification is also valuable, and people need to understand that it is a qualification as well as a means of communication. Of course, we have sought to put money on the table—£150,000 has been put on the table—to encourage more people to study A-level, and, as Gareth Bennett noted, more work needs to be done in that particular area. We are doing our best here. We have a number of incentives in place, and if anyone has any further ideas, we'd be more than happy to listen to them, particularly when it comes to attracting more teachers to teach through the medium of Welsh. There are at least 10 measures already in place to try to encourage more people to undertake this work, and I know that this is something that Siân Gwenllian is very interested in.

I don't accept that we haven't made progress during that period. The head of Prosiect 2050 is now in place, and the work that was done is work that will now continue. It was only just starting before that appointment was made, so it wasn't that the work wasn't happening. For example, on language transmission within families, a great deal of work was being done there. A great deal of work was also being done on Welsh language and technology. So, those things that are so important in ensuring that the steps are in place to secure opportunities for people to use the Welsh language, they were already in train before that appointment was made.

In terms of Work Welsh, I think excellent work has been done here, but, of course, much of that came to an end with COVID. But it is important that we recommence that work once the opportunity arises, so that people can once again go into the workplace and learn the Welsh language there and use the Welsh language in the workplace too.

You said that we haven't provided support to the Urdd. My goodness, we have stood shoulder to shoulder with the Urdd in an exceptional way. Of course, we need to do more to support the Urdd, but we are doing our level best with them, of all organisations, because we appreciate the excellent and important work that they do in supporting the Welsh language with our young people. I have kept in touch with the commissioner and the Minister for Education to ensure that the curriculum is moving in the right direction in terms of the Welsh language, and it's a shame that Siân didn't hear what I mentioned in terms of the work that we are doing on second homes.

I'm pleased to hear that Gareth Bennett, as part of the Abolish the Welsh Assembly Party, does support the idea of supporting the Welsh language. What we're endeavouring to do—if I could just look at a few of the points that he raised—in terms of language use once pupils leave school, is to provide the opportunities to do that, and that's why the Coleg Cymraeg Cenedlaethol has been established. That's why there are more apprenticeships in place and available through the medium of Welsh, and that's why there are now modules as part of FE courses partly through the medium of Welsh for those who attended Welsh-medium schools.

So, just to conclude, it's likely that next year's report will be very different, given the changes in the world around us. And although the context of our work has changed dramatically since 'Cymraeg 2050' was launched, our priorities have remained the same. Our intention is still to increase the number of Welsh speakers, to increase the use of the Welsh language and to improve infrastructure, and that's why I've noted some of those issues this afternoon. Much work has already been done and we have a strong foundation in place in order to ensure that the next Government can continue with that vision of reaching a million Welsh speakers by 2050. Thank you.

The proposal is to agree the motion. Does any Member object? No objections, and the motion is therefore agreed in accordance with Standing Order 12.36.

The next item is the Legislation (Wales) Act 2019 (Amendment of Schedule 1) Regulations 2020. I call on the Counsel General to move the motion—Jeremy Miles.

Thank you, Llywydd. I formally move the regulations before us today. I urge the Senedd to support the Legislation (Wales) Act 2019 (Amendment of Schedule 1) Regulations 2020, and I ask formally that Members support the regulations. These regulations amend Schedule 1 to the Legislation (Wales) Act 2019, which, as I said in a debate last week, set out general definitions that apply to terms used in Acts of Senedd Cymru and Welsh statutory instruments.

These regulations insert definitions into the Legislation (Wales) Act 2019 for the Equality and Human Rights Commission, National Trust, Public Accounts Committee and sentencing code. They also amend the definition of the standard scale of fines for summary offences as a consequence of the sentencing code to allow for Welsh legislation referring to the scale to continue to operate correctly. The sentencing code is the end of a lengthy project undertaken on behalf of the UK Government by the Law Commission that sought to create a single statute containing all of the law on sentencing procedure. By bringing together the existing legislation into a single sentencing code with a clear and logical structure, the law has been made more accessible for the public and for the judiciary and practitioners. The code does not introduce any new substantive laws or alter the maximum or minimum penalties for offences, and the code has been passed by the UK Parliament, received Royal Assent on 22 October, and it will come into force on 1 December. It represents an important consolidation and modernisation exercise, and serves as an example of the type of action that Governments across the UK need to take to improve the accessibility of our laws. I am pleased we've already embarked upon similar consolidation and modernisation exercises for Wales and laid the foundations for such work to be undertaken through the Legislation (Wales) Act 2019.

Members will recall that the 2019 Act fulfils two key functions. Firstly, it provides that foundation for us to improve the accessibility of Welsh law, and, secondly, provides an interpretation Act for Wales.

In order for the interpretation provision to work properly, it's important that we ensure that every term and definition that is relevant is included. That's why this Senedd agreed to provide powers to Ministers in section 6(2) of the Act to allow them to update the legislation through secondary legislation. These regulations represent the first time that we've made use of those powers. Legislation is occasionally passed, as in this case, by the Westminster Parliament, and we then need to standardise definitions in Welsh legislation. In this case, it became apparent that we needed to amend the definitions in the legislation Act once the amendments to the Sentencing Bill had been dealt with in Westminster, but it's inevitable that this will be something that happens from time to time on complex projects such as the sentencing code.

In conclusion, Llywydd, I thank the Legislation, Justice and Constitution Committee for its work in scrutinising these regulations and the explanatory memorandum. It's always a pleasure to receive approval in a report from the committee.

I thank the Counsel General. I have no speakers, and therefore I assume that the Counsel General doesn't want to reply to the lack of debate had. So, I will therefore pose the question as to whether the motion should be agreed. Does any Member object? No, there are no objections, therefore the motion is agreed in accordance with Standing Order 12.36.

That brings us to voting time, but there are no votes to be taken this afternoon, and so I bring today's proceedings to a close. Good afternoon to you.